基于Newmark算法的变质量动力吸振器仿真方法研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 18:52

【摘要】：动力吸振器是一种振动控制装置。传统动力吸振器有效减振频带较窄，当外界激励频率发生变化时，其减振性能显著变差。为了解决这一问题，本论文研究了变质量自适应动力吸振器，其根据外界激振频率的变化实时调节自身质量来改变固有频率，从而获得较好的宽频减振效果。同时，为了研究吸振器质量变化过程中的运动规律，提出了一种基于Newmark算法的变质量动力吸振器仿真方法，并通过实验对该方法进行了验证。本文主要研究内容如下: （1）介绍了传统动力吸振器基本原理及基于主系统位移响应和加速度响应的动力吸振器最优设计理论。推导了吸振器参数变化对其减振性能的影响。研究了最优同调频率比和最优阻尼比条件下，吸振器最优减振理论及质量对减振性能的影响。（2）介绍了求解动力学方程的模态叠加法和逐步积分法，讨论了其在求解线性和非线性问题中的应用。分析了几种逐步积分法的稳定性和精度，为选取后续合适的计算方法提供参考。（3）针对传统动力吸振器的不足，研究了一种变质量动力吸振器，分析了其宽频减振性能。提出了一种基于Newmark算法的变质量动力吸振器仿真方法，对变质量过程中系统瞬态运动过程进行分析和研究。（4）搭建实验系统，研究了变质量动力吸振器的实际减振效果。探讨了主系统加速度的变化规律。依据参数识别理论对实验系统进行了参数识别，，利用本文提出的仿真方法对系统变质量瞬态过程进行仿真研究。对比仿真数据和实验数据，验证了所提仿真方法的正确性。
[Abstract]:Dynamic vibration absorber is a vibration control device. The effective frequency band of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber is narrow, and when the external excitation frequency changes, the performance of the vibration absorber becomes worse. In order to solve this problem, the variable mass adaptive dynamic vibration absorber is studied in this paper, which adjusts its own mass in real time according to the change of external exciting frequency to change the natural frequency, so as to obtain a better effect of wideband vibration reduction. At the same time, in order to study the motion law of mass change of vibration absorber, a simulation method of variable mass dynamic vibration absorber based on Newmark algorithm is proposed, and the method is verified by experiment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic principle of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber and the optimal design theory of the dynamic vibration absorber based on the displacement response and acceleration response of the main system are introduced. The influence of vibration absorber parameters on its vibration absorption performance is deduced. The optimal damping theory of vibration absorber and the effect of mass on vibration absorption performance are studied under the condition of optimal homology frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio. (2) Modal superposition method and stepwise integration method for solving dynamic equations are introduced. Its application in solving linear and nonlinear problems is discussed. The stability and accuracy of several progressive integration methods are analyzed, which provides a reference for selecting suitable calculation methods. (3) aiming at the shortcomings of traditional dynamic vibration absorbers, a variable mass dynamic vibration absorber is studied. The performance of wideband vibration reduction is analyzed. In this paper, a simulation method of variable mass dynamic vibration absorber based on Newmark algorithm is proposed. The transient motion process of the system is analyzed and studied. (4) the experimental system is built. The actual damping effect of dynamic vibration absorber with variable mass is studied. The variation law of acceleration of main system is discussed. According to the theory of parameter identification, the parameters of the experimental system are identified, and the transient process of the system with variable mass is simulated by using the simulation method proposed in this paper. The correctness of the proposed simulation method is verified by comparing the simulation data with the experimental data.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535.1

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