主被动混合隔振器的设计与应用

发布时间：2018-09-03 11:03

【摘要】：随着科技不断发展,人们对各种环境和设备的振动要求越来越高,传统单一的被动、主动隔振器已逐渐不能满足人们的需求,故本文设计了一款主被动结合的混合式隔振器,即将电磁作动器与橡胶隔振器串联在一起,通过一定的控制算法控制执行器的工作,该方法既可以有效地减小能量损失,又可以达到更好的隔振效果。论文主要分为几大部分,首先对共振式电磁执行器进行了动力学分析,得出执行器的出力大小主要与气隙磁场强度、线圈匝数、通入电流大小等因素有关,在此基础上利用电磁场有限元分析软件ANSOFT对执行器磁路结构中各项参数进行仿真计算,得出最优磁路零件尺寸。在弹簧的设计中,利用软件对弹簧的各项参数进行设计优化,确保弹簧刚度等因素符合执行器的要求。在完成执行器的整体加工后,对执行器进行实验验证,测试执行器的固有频率、加速度响应等特性。经过不通电静止和通电运动两种状态的实验测试后,得出所设计执行器的固有频率在40Hz,其加速度响应与电流、电压的传递函数与理论计算值基本相符,执行器输出的作动力随着电流的增大不断增大,基本呈线性分布,执行器性能良好。之后本文根据所设计的电磁执行器选择了一款橡胶隔振器,并对该橡胶隔振器进行了测试,在10-150Hz的频带中,橡胶隔振器具有减振效果,其效果在0-6.2dB之间。之后将橡胶隔振器与执行器刚性连接构成一个系统,测量其整体固有特性,基本与橡胶隔振器特性相同。完成特性测试后,利用x-LMS算法进行了振动主动控制实验,实验效果良好,与单独橡胶隔振器隔振相比,利用执行器主动控制可以多降低2.7-14.4dB,达到了预期效果。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the vibration of various environments and equipment. The traditional single passive, active isolator has been unable to meet the needs of people gradually, so this paper designed a hybrid vibration isolator combining active and passive. The electromagnetic actuator and the rubber vibration isolator are connected in series and the actuator is controlled by a certain control algorithm. The method can not only effectively reduce the energy loss but also achieve a better vibration isolation effect. The paper is divided into several parts. Firstly, the dynamic analysis of the resonant electromagnetic actuator is carried out, and the output force of the actuator is mainly related to the air gap magnetic field strength, the number of coil turns, the magnitude of the input current, and so on. On this basis, the electromagnetic field finite element analysis software ANSOFT is used to simulate and calculate the parameters of the actuator magnetic circuit structure, and the optimal size of the magnetic circuit part is obtained. In the design of the spring, the parameters of the spring are optimized by software to ensure that the spring stiffness and other factors meet the requirements of the actuator. After the whole machining of the actuator is finished, the actuator is verified experimentally, and the inherent frequency and acceleration response of the actuator are tested. After the experimental test of the two states of non-electrified static and electrified motion, the natural frequency of the designed actuator is 40 Hz, and the acceleration response is in agreement with the transfer function of current and voltage, which is basically in accordance with the theoretical calculation value. The output power of actuator increases with the increase of current, and the actuator has good performance. Then a rubber vibration isolator is selected according to the designed electromagnetic actuator, and the rubber isolator is tested. In the frequency band of 10-150Hz, the rubber isolator has the effect of vibration absorption, and its effect is between 0-6.2dB. Then the rubber isolator and the actuator are connected rigidly to form a system, and the whole inherent characteristics are measured, which are basically the same as the rubber vibration isolator. After completing the characteristic test, the vibration active control experiment is carried out by using x-LMS algorithm. The experiment results are good. Compared with the single rubber vibration isolator, the active control of the actuator can reduce 2.7-14.4 dB more than the single rubber isolator, and the expected effect is achieved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535

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