基于认知摩擦的设计信息要素研究
发布时间：2018-09-06 11:57
【摘要】：芯片集成度的提高与技术呈现指数式的增长,导致高科技产品的不断推出,使消费者在其面前越来越手足无措。如何有效的向用户呈现与产品相关的交互信息,尤其是消费类电子产品,是目前工业设计领域面临的主要挑战之一。本文,一方面尝试对认知摩擦理论体系进行探索与拓展研究,以此丰富和完善该理论,另一方面,力求利用系统的设计方法,对用户与产品之间的交互关系进行引导,从而消解认知摩擦。本课题在国家自然科学基金和教育部社科基金的资助下,以降低、消解认知摩擦为目标,开展了认知摩擦理论、指标测量以及辅助设计的工具开发等关键内容的研究,充分利用事件相关电位技术的时间分辨率、认知心理学中的认知模式和来自生态心理学的Affordance理论(可供性),从而在产品的设计过程中,期望实现对产品和用户之间的交互关系进行主动调控,消除用户在使用产品过程中的挫败感。本研究基于认知心理学、神经电生理学以及生态心理学的相关研究内容以及成果,论文主要工作如下:(一)在基础理论研究方面,通过对认知差异特点的研究,阐明了认知摩擦这一概念及其特点,并从设计模型、表现模型及用户模型出发,分析认知摩擦产生的各种成因;利用事件相关电位技术,对它的两个主要维度在认知加工过程中相互交互的时间进程进行认知过程的测量,进而,从心理生理学的角度,客观的揭示出认知摩擦发生的本质。(二)在实验研究方面,使用事件相关电位技术进行认知摩擦的指标探寻,从产品感性意象认知的不同匹配度出发,以造型和色彩两个设计要素为实验样本,揭示了脑电成分N400 P200可以作为衡量认知摩擦大小的指标;其次,通过实验范式的改变,发现P200是主导产品affordance的重要脑电成分。(三)以降低与控制认知摩擦为目标,开展认知摩擦的消解模式研究。应用认知心理学模式识别中的原型匹配理论模型,以视知觉为研究对象,对哪一种刺激信息编码与视觉模式最为匹配做出判断,从而对视知觉模式进行解构、提取与归纳,阐明了部分视知觉面向界面的认知模式,并以其基本模式为原则,进行案例优化设计,并在最终的界面设计中,运用优化后的设计准则进行界面设计,从而实现设计信息的有效组织与呈现。(四)以突显与预期行为相关的产品属性为目标,确保产品更贴近用户的心智模型,进行了affordance线上化产品辅助设计工具的开发。该设计工具以终端用户对产品affordance的质量反馈进行产品设计参数的改变,并结合交互式微型遗传算法的搜索机制,获得明确的affordance与设计参数之间的映射关系。随后,提出面向affordance以用户为中心实验的设计准则,经过不同案例的多次运行,均证明可以获得较优的解决方案集。不仅提高设计工作效率,而且关注了用户的需求。
[Abstract]:The improvement of chip integration and the exponential growth of technology lead to the continuous introduction of high-tech products, making consumers more and more confused in front of them. How to effectively present interactive information related to products, especially consumer electronic products, is one of the main challenges in the field of industrial design. In this paper, on the one hand, we try to explore and expand the cognitive friction theory system to enrich and improve the theory, on the other hand, we try to use the system design method to guide the interaction between users and products. In order to eliminate cognitive friction. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education, the research on the theory of cognitive friction, the measurement of indicators and the development of tools for aided design are carried out with the aim of reducing and eliminating cognitive friction. Make full use of the temporal resolution of event-related potential technology, cognitive models in cognitive psychology and Affordance theory (availability) from ecological psychology, so that in the process of product design, It is expected that the interaction between products and users can be actively regulated and the frustration of users in the process of using the products can be eliminated. This research is based on the research contents and achievements of cognitive psychology, neurophysiology and ecological psychology. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) in the basic theoretical research, through the research on the characteristics of cognitive differences, This paper expounds the concept and characteristics of cognitive friction, and analyzes the causes of cognitive friction from design model, representation model and user model. The two main dimensions of cognitive processing in the process of mutual interaction of the cognitive process of the measurement of the cognitive process, and then, from the perspective of psychological physiology, objectively revealed the nature of cognitive friction. (2) in the aspect of experimental research, using event-related potential technology to explore the index of cognitive friction, starting from the different matching degree of perceptual image cognition of product, taking two design elements of shape and color as experimental samples; It is revealed that the EEG component N400P200 can be used as an index to measure the size of cognitive friction. Secondly, through the change of experimental paradigm, it is found that P200 is an important EEG component that dominates the production of affordance. (3) aiming at reducing and controlling cognitive friction, the resolution model of cognitive friction is studied. The prototype matching theory model in cognitive psychology pattern recognition is applied to judge which stimulation information code and visual pattern match most, and then deconstruct, extract and induce the visual perception pattern. This paper expounds the cognitive mode of partial visual perception oriented to the interface, and based on its basic model, carries on the case optimization design, and in the final interface design, uses the optimized design criterion to carry on the interface design. In order to achieve the effective organization and presentation of design information. (4) aiming at highlighting the product attributes related to the expected behavior and ensuring that the product is closer to the user's mental model, the paper develops the affordance on-line product aided design tool. In this design tool, the product design parameters are changed by the quality feedback from the end user to the product affordance, and the mapping relationship between the affordance and the design parameters is obtained by combining the searching mechanism of the interactive micro-genetic algorithm. Then, a design criterion for affordance user-centered experiments is proposed. It is proved that a better solution set can be obtained through several operations of different cases. Not only improve the efficiency of the design, but also pay attention to the needs of users.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB47
，
本文编号：2226280
[Abstract]:The improvement of chip integration and the exponential growth of technology lead to the continuous introduction of high-tech products, making consumers more and more confused in front of them. How to effectively present interactive information related to products, especially consumer electronic products, is one of the main challenges in the field of industrial design. In this paper, on the one hand, we try to explore and expand the cognitive friction theory system to enrich and improve the theory, on the other hand, we try to use the system design method to guide the interaction between users and products. In order to eliminate cognitive friction. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education, the research on the theory of cognitive friction, the measurement of indicators and the development of tools for aided design are carried out with the aim of reducing and eliminating cognitive friction. Make full use of the temporal resolution of event-related potential technology, cognitive models in cognitive psychology and Affordance theory (availability) from ecological psychology, so that in the process of product design, It is expected that the interaction between products and users can be actively regulated and the frustration of users in the process of using the products can be eliminated. This research is based on the research contents and achievements of cognitive psychology, neurophysiology and ecological psychology. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) in the basic theoretical research, through the research on the characteristics of cognitive differences, This paper expounds the concept and characteristics of cognitive friction, and analyzes the causes of cognitive friction from design model, representation model and user model. The two main dimensions of cognitive processing in the process of mutual interaction of the cognitive process of the measurement of the cognitive process, and then, from the perspective of psychological physiology, objectively revealed the nature of cognitive friction. (2) in the aspect of experimental research, using event-related potential technology to explore the index of cognitive friction, starting from the different matching degree of perceptual image cognition of product, taking two design elements of shape and color as experimental samples; It is revealed that the EEG component N400P200 can be used as an index to measure the size of cognitive friction. Secondly, through the change of experimental paradigm, it is found that P200 is an important EEG component that dominates the production of affordance. (3) aiming at reducing and controlling cognitive friction, the resolution model of cognitive friction is studied. The prototype matching theory model in cognitive psychology pattern recognition is applied to judge which stimulation information code and visual pattern match most, and then deconstruct, extract and induce the visual perception pattern. This paper expounds the cognitive mode of partial visual perception oriented to the interface, and based on its basic model, carries on the case optimization design, and in the final interface design, uses the optimized design criterion to carry on the interface design. In order to achieve the effective organization and presentation of design information. (4) aiming at highlighting the product attributes related to the expected behavior and ensuring that the product is closer to the user's mental model, the paper develops the affordance on-line product aided design tool. In this design tool, the product design parameters are changed by the quality feedback from the end user to the product affordance, and the mapping relationship between the affordance and the design parameters is obtained by combining the searching mechanism of the interactive micro-genetic algorithm. Then, a design criterion for affordance user-centered experiments is proposed. It is proved that a better solution set can be obtained through several operations of different cases. Not only improve the efficiency of the design, but also pay attention to the needs of users.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB47
，
本文编号：2226280
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