新产品功能创新设计方法与过程模型研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 12:14

【摘要】：在新产品功能设计阶段,初始定义比较含糊,不确定性因素较多,设计自由度大,目前没有统一的模式或流程,但普遍越来越注重设计方法的运用。功能设计常用方法有经验设计、质量功能配置、体验设计及头脑风暴等。这些方法虽然运用广泛,能够有效解决诸多设计问题,但仍存在某些不足或局限。例如,经验设计法主要依赖设计者的个人经验和灵感;质量功能配置的质量屋从需求转换到功能时没有考虑创新因素;体验设计难以准确获取客户的体验感受;头脑风暴法实施过程中发散性与随机性思维难以掌控和收敛。此外,上述功能设计主要依靠个人思维和经验,对客户需求的挖掘、专利的利用和规避等方面考虑偏少,导致功能创新效率不足。为解决上述功能设计方法存在的不足,提高客户对产品的满意程度,提炼了KANO模型的内容,提出运用KANO模型指导产品功能创新设计的方法;分析了传统体验设计存在难以准确获取客户体验感受的问题,提出让设计者与客户共同参与到体验中的产品功能创新设计方法;引入对标分析的MPV对产品功能进行评价,将特征传递中的特征与产品功能相联系,提出运用对标分析与特征传递的功能创新设计方法。结合这些方法,进一步构建了新产品功能创新设计过程模型。(1)提出了三种功能创新设计方法。基于KANO模型的功能设计方法,引导设计者分析梳理不同层次的客户需求,从挖掘和满足客户魅力型需求及一维需求的角度进行新产品功能创新设计;基于体验设计的功能设计方法,引导设计者从侧重客户体验感受及人性化设计的角度进行新产品功能创新设计;基于对标分析与特征传递的功能设计方法,引导设计者将已有产品的功能结构快速有效应用于待设计产品,完成新产品的功能创新设计。(2)构建了新产品功能创新设计过程模型。该模型融合了需求分析、专利分析、TRIZ工具和功能分解的内容,按照严密的逻辑关系,将提出的基于KANO模型的功能设计方法、基于体验设计的功能设计方法以及基于对标分析与特征传递的功能设计方法分别应用于新产品的主要功能、辅助功能及详细功能设计。该功能创新设计过程模型有明显的结构层次及详细的实施步骤,提供了有序的设计流程。(3)进行了设计实例验证。通过双人游戏竞技装置的设计,证明本文提出的功能创新设计方法与构建的过程模型能有效的避免新产品功能设计过多依赖经验和直觉灵感进行创新的做法,设计进程有序可控,功能创新效果明显。
[Abstract]:In the new product function design stage, the initial definition is vague, the uncertainty factor is many, the design freedom is large, at present there is no unified pattern or flow, but more and more attention is paid to the application of the design method. The common methods of function design include experience design, quality function configuration, experience design and brainstorming. Although these methods are widely used and can effectively solve many design problems, there are still some shortcomings or limitations. For example, the empirical design method mainly relies on the designer's personal experience and inspiration; the quality house of quality function configuration does not consider the innovation factor when transforming from the demand to the function, the experience design is difficult to accurately obtain the customer's experience feeling, for example, the experience design method mainly depends on the designer's personal experience and inspiration; It is difficult to control and converge the divergent and random thinking in the implementation of brainstorming method. In addition, the above functional design mainly depends on personal thinking and experience, the mining of customer needs, patent utilization and evasion, etc., which leads to the lack of efficiency of functional innovation. In order to solve the shortcomings of the above functional design methods and improve the customer's satisfaction with the product, the content of KANO model is refined, and the method of using KANO model to guide the innovative design of product function is put forward. This paper analyzes on the problems of traditional experience design which is difficult to obtain customer experience accurately, and puts forward the innovative design method of product function, which lets designers and customers participate in the experience, and introduces the MPV of standard analysis to evaluate the product function. Based on the relation between feature and product function in feature transmission, a new design method of function innovation based on standard analysis and feature transfer is put forward. Combined with these methods, a new product functional innovation design process model is further constructed. (1) three functional innovation design methods are proposed. Based on the function design method of KANO model, the designer is guided to analyze the different levels of customer demand, and to design the new product function innovation from the angle of mining and satisfying the customer charm demand and one-dimensional demand. The function design method based on experience design leads the designer to design new product function innovation from the angle of focusing on customer experience and humanized design, and based on the function design method of standard analysis and feature transmission, The function structure of the existing product is quickly and effectively applied to the product to be designed to complete the functional innovation design of the new product. (2) the process model of the functional innovation design of the new product is constructed. This model combines the requirements analysis, patent analysis and triz tools and the content of function decomposition. According to the strict logic relation, the function design method based on KANO model will be put forward. The function design method based on experience design and the function design method based on contrast analysis and feature transfer are applied to the main function, auxiliary function and detailed function design of the new product, respectively. The function innovation design process model has obvious structure level and detailed implementation steps, and provides an orderly design process. (3) A design example is given. Through the design of double game competitive device, it is proved that the function innovation design method and process model proposed in this paper can effectively avoid the new product function design relying too much on experience and intuition inspiration for innovation. The design process is orderly and controllable, and the function innovation effect is obvious.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB472

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