基于模型和模式的用户界面开发方法研究
发布时间：2018-10-20 13:26
【摘要】：当前,人们使用各种不同类型的计算设备访问信息系统,设备的多样性使得用户界面(User Interface,以下简称UI)的开发面临新的挑战：(1)为访问相同的系统,如何为不同的设备开发具有一致用户体验的用户界面；(2)如何有效管理多个版本的UI开发带来的工程复杂性；(3)如何处理UI在不同设备之间迁移、分布和合并的技术复杂性。为此,人机交互(Human Computer Interaction,以下简称HCI)领域引入了基于模型的UI开发(Model-Based User Interface Development,下文简称MBUID)方法,试图在高级抽象层次上描述界面一次,然后通过转换便可在不同设备上到处运行。然而这种方法自动生成的界面可用性不高,界面开发也缺乏可复用性,直接导致该方法无法在工业界得到推广。近年来研究领域发现在基于模型的方法中使用可用性工具——用户界面设计模式(User Interface Design Pattern,下文简称UIDP)来改进模型的建立和转换过程可以解决该方法存在的问题。本文的工作围绕这一技术展开研究,具体的内容和创新成果如下：(1)在全面分析目前模型和模式结合方法的优缺点的基础上,提出了一个基于模型和模式的UI开发(Model Pattern-Based User Interface Development,下文简称MPBUID)框架。该框架依据MBUID方法中成熟的卡梅隆参考框架(Cameleon Reference Framework,下文简称CRF),把界面开发分为四个层次：任务与概念模型、抽象UI、具体UI和最终界面。然后依据这四个层次对UIDP进行分类,在不同层次上建立模型及层次间模型转换中使用相应种类的UIDP。实践证明,使用MPBUID框架可提高(半)自动生成的UI的可用性和界面开发的可复用性。与其它的同类方法相比,MPBUID框架主要具有两个特点：能兼容目前出现的大多数MBUID方法的模型建立和转换技术；支持多设备UI的迭代开发。(2)给出了遵从MPBUID框架使用UIDP开发UI的过程。首先定义了在MPBUID框架中使用UIDP的一般过程。然后根据该框架定义的四个层次,分别描述各个层次中使用UIDP的方法。最后由一个实例研究说明该过程的可行性。(3)根据MPBUID框架的要求,研究了对目前存在的大量不同形式描述的UIDP的统一描述方法,进而提出了一个生产性的UI设计模式标记语言(Generative User Interface Design Pattern Markup Language,下文简称GUIDPML)。该语言的突出优点是它是生产性的,即可以直接应用于MPBUID框架的(半)自动化地建立和转换模型过程。(4)设计了一个MPBUID框架支持工具。该工具有助于简化依据MPBUID框架开发界面的过程,使得开发者易于学习和掌握利用MPBUID框架的界面开发技术,提高了UI生成的自动化程度和开发效率。总之,本文的研究工作试图通过改进在MBUID方法中使用UIDP这一技术,为MBUID方法在UI开发实践中的推广做出自己的一点贡献。
[Abstract]:At present, people use different types of computing devices to access information systems. The diversity of devices makes the development of user interface (User Interface, (hereinafter referred to as UI) face new challenges: (1) to access the same system, How to develop a user interface with consistent user experience for different devices; (2) how to effectively manage the engineering complexity brought by multiple versions of UI development; (3) how to handle the technical complexity of UI migration, distribution and merging between different devices. Therefore, in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI), model-based UI development (Model-Based User Interface Development, is referred to as MBUID) is introduced, which attempts to describe the interface once at a high level of abstraction, and then runs everywhere on different devices through transformation. However, the usability of this method is not high, and the interface development is also lack of reusability, which directly leads to the method can not be popularized in industry. In recent years, it has been found that using the usability tool (User Interface Design Pattern, (user Interface Design pattern (User Interface Design Pattern,) to improve the modeling and transformation process can solve the problems of this method. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) based on the comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the current model and pattern combination method, This paper presents a framework for UI development based on model and schema (Model Pattern-Based User Interface Development, hereafter referred to as MPBUID). The framework divides interface development into four levels: task and conceptual model, abstract UI, concrete UI and final interface, according to (Cameleon Reference Framework, a mature Cameron reference framework in MBUID method. Then the UIDP is classified according to the four levels, and the model is built at different levels and the corresponding types of UIDP. are used in the interlayer model transformation. It has been proved that using MPBUID framework can improve the usability of UI and the reusability of interface development. Compared with other similar methods, the MPBUID framework has two main characteristics: model building and transformation technology which can be compatible with most of the MBUID methods that appear at present; and the iterative development of multi-device UI. (2) the process of using UIDP to develop UI in compliance with MPBUID framework is given. First, the general procedure of using UIDP in MPBUID framework is defined. Then, according to the four levels defined by the framework, the method of using UIDP in each level is described. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the feasibility of the process. (3) according to the requirements of the MPBUID framework, the unified description method for a large number of different forms of UIDP is studied. Furthermore, a productive UI design pattern markup language (Generative User Interface Design Pattern Markup Language,) is proposed, which is referred to as GUIDPML). The outstanding advantage of the language is that it is productive, that is, the (semi-automatic) modeling process that can be directly applied to the MPBUID framework. (4) A MPBUID framework support tool is designed. The tool is helpful to simplify the process of developing interface according to MPBUID framework, make it easy for developers to learn and master the interface development technology using MPBUID framework, and improve the automation degree and development efficiency of UI generation. In a word, the research work of this paper attempts to make a contribution to the popularization of MBUID method in UI development practice by improving the use of UIDP in the MBUID method.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB47
本文编号：2283317
[Abstract]:At present, people use different types of computing devices to access information systems. The diversity of devices makes the development of user interface (User Interface, (hereinafter referred to as UI) face new challenges: (1) to access the same system, How to develop a user interface with consistent user experience for different devices; (2) how to effectively manage the engineering complexity brought by multiple versions of UI development; (3) how to handle the technical complexity of UI migration, distribution and merging between different devices. Therefore, in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI), model-based UI development (Model-Based User Interface Development, is referred to as MBUID) is introduced, which attempts to describe the interface once at a high level of abstraction, and then runs everywhere on different devices through transformation. However, the usability of this method is not high, and the interface development is also lack of reusability, which directly leads to the method can not be popularized in industry. In recent years, it has been found that using the usability tool (User Interface Design Pattern, (user Interface Design pattern (User Interface Design Pattern,) to improve the modeling and transformation process can solve the problems of this method. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) based on the comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the current model and pattern combination method, This paper presents a framework for UI development based on model and schema (Model Pattern-Based User Interface Development, hereafter referred to as MPBUID). The framework divides interface development into four levels: task and conceptual model, abstract UI, concrete UI and final interface, according to (Cameleon Reference Framework, a mature Cameron reference framework in MBUID method. Then the UIDP is classified according to the four levels, and the model is built at different levels and the corresponding types of UIDP. are used in the interlayer model transformation. It has been proved that using MPBUID framework can improve the usability of UI and the reusability of interface development. Compared with other similar methods, the MPBUID framework has two main characteristics: model building and transformation technology which can be compatible with most of the MBUID methods that appear at present; and the iterative development of multi-device UI. (2) the process of using UIDP to develop UI in compliance with MPBUID framework is given. First, the general procedure of using UIDP in MPBUID framework is defined. Then, according to the four levels defined by the framework, the method of using UIDP in each level is described. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the feasibility of the process. (3) according to the requirements of the MPBUID framework, the unified description method for a large number of different forms of UIDP is studied. Furthermore, a productive UI design pattern markup language (Generative User Interface Design Pattern Markup Language,) is proposed, which is referred to as GUIDPML). The outstanding advantage of the language is that it is productive, that is, the (semi-automatic) modeling process that can be directly applied to the MPBUID framework. (4) A MPBUID framework support tool is designed. The tool is helpful to simplify the process of developing interface according to MPBUID framework, make it easy for developers to learn and master the interface development technology using MPBUID framework, and improve the automation degree and development efficiency of UI generation. In a word, the research work of this paper attempts to make a contribution to the popularization of MBUID method in UI development practice by improving the use of UIDP in the MBUID method.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB47
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