区域式AGV规划与设备布局的综合求解方法研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 08:36

【摘要】：本课题来源于国家自然科学基金项目“柔性车间设施布局与带装载约束的AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)路径规划集成优化方法”(No.61304206)和企业的实际需求。设备布局和物料运送是柔性制造系统(Flexible Manufacturing System, FMS)的两个重要问题,得到企业界和广大研究者的重视和关注,但目前将二者集成优化的研究还相对较少。本文以柔性制造车间为研究背景,研究其设备布局和AGV路径规划二者集成优化问题,其目的是进一步降低制造成本和缩短生产周期。本文在国家自然科学基金的资助下,以厦门B公司的二期柔性车间布局和路径规划项目作为工程背景,研究了柔性车间中的路径规划和设备布局重要问题,对区域式AGV系统进行了数学建模,并给出求解策略。在实现上采用禁忌搜索算法分别求解,并针对两者的耦合关系进行了研究,给出系列方法和步骤综合求解路径规划和设备布局问题。本文的主要工作可以总结为以下方面： (1)分析柔性车间的路径规划和设备布局耦合问题,采用区域式AGV系统来解决路径规划和设备布局,并针对区域式AGV系统进行了数学建模,为系统中跨环负载量和流量及内环的负载量和流量提供了求解策略。 (2)研究和分析了柔性车间的车间布局问题,针对柔性车间中环形布局问题提出了采用禁忌搜索算法进行求解,并采用该求解方法对Nearchou提出的4种不同规模的环形布局算例进行求解,数字仿真实验结果验证了本文方法的求解能力。 (3)研究和分析了柔性车间中区域式AGV系统的路径规划问题。以最近距离为主线对车间的设备进行分区,提出顺序连接方法对分区后的设备设置运输路径,使得内环路径最短。为了解决各个回路间的物料运输,本文对各个回路设置一个中转站,并采用禁忌搜索算法获取各个回路的最佳中转站,并采用顺序连接方法连接各个中转站,从而形成外环回路,使得外环回路最短。最后针对求解方案提出改进方法以便获取更好的设计方案。通过数据实例分析验证该方法的求解能力。 (4)研究和分析柔性车间中路径规划和设备布局耦合关系,提出了综合求解方法。采用禁忌搜索算法对设备进行分群,获取最优分群解。对分群后的各回路的设备布局采用禁忌搜索算法进行求解,其目标是减少环内总流量。将回路间跨环流量最大的回路放置在一起,以减少跨环流量,从而将回路布置到车间,同时连接各个回路中转站形成运转中心以解决环间运输。通过厦门B公司的车间规划布局作为算例进行求解,求解结果验证了算法的求解能力。本文针对柔性车间中路径规划和车间布局的重要问题,研究柔性制造车间AGV路径规划和设备布局的集成建模和求解方法,给出相应的理论方法,有助于该问题建模和求解方法上的研究进展,具有现实意义和实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:This topic comes from the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China "flexible workshop facility layout and integrated optimization method of AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) path planning with loading constraints" (No.61304206) and the actual needs of enterprises. Equipment layout and material transportation are two important issues in (Flexible Manufacturing System, FMS), which have been paid attention to by many researchers and enterprises. However, there are few researches on the integration and optimization of FMS and FMS. In this paper, the integrated optimization of equipment layout and AGV path planning for flexible manufacturing workshop is studied. The purpose of this problem is to further reduce manufacturing cost and shorten production cycle. In this paper, with the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and taking the second phase flexible workshop layout and route planning project of Xiamen B Company as the engineering background, the important problems of route planning and equipment layout in flexible workshop are studied. The regional AGV system is modeled and the solution strategy is given. Tabu search algorithm is used to solve the problem, and the coupling relationship between them is studied. A series of methods and steps are given to solve the path planning and equipment layout problems. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows: (1) analyze the coupling problem of path planning and equipment layout in flexible workshop, and adopt regional AGV system to solve the problem of path planning and equipment layout. The mathematical model of the regional AGV system is presented, which provides a solution strategy for the load and flow of the cross loop and the load and flow of the inner ring. (2) the layout problem of the flexible workshop is studied and analyzed. A Tabu search algorithm is proposed to solve the circular layout problem in flexible workshop, and four different scale circular layout cases proposed by Nearchou are solved by this method. The numerical simulation results verify the ability of the proposed method. (3) the path planning problem of the regional AGV system in the flexible workshop is studied and analyzed. Taking the nearest distance as the main line, the equipment of the workshop is partitioned, and the sequential connection method is put forward to set the transportation path of the equipment after the partition, so that the inner loop path is the shortest. In order to solve the problem of material transportation between each loop, a transfer station is set up for each loop, and the Tabu search algorithm is used to obtain the best transfer station of each loop, and the sequential connection method is used to connect each transfer station. Thus, the outer loop is formed and the outer loop is the shortest. Finally, an improved method is proposed to obtain a better design scheme. The solution ability of the method is verified by the analysis of data examples. (4) the coupling relationship between path planning and equipment layout in flexible workshop is studied and analyzed, and a comprehensive solution method is proposed. Tabu search algorithm is used to cluster the equipment to obtain the optimal clustering solution. Tabu search algorithm is used to solve the equipment layout of each loop after clustering. The goal is to reduce the total flow in the loop. In order to reduce the cross loop flow, the circuit is arranged to the workshop, and the operation center is formed by connecting each loop transfer station to solve the transportation between the rings. By using the workshop layout of Xiamen B Company as an example, the algorithm is proved to be able to solve the problem. Aiming at the important problems of path planning and shop layout in flexible workshop, this paper studies the integrated modeling and solving method of AGV path planning and equipment layout in flexible manufacturing workshop, and gives the corresponding theoretical method. It is helpful to the research progress of modeling and solving the problem, and has practical significance and practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB491

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