干燥参数在线测量设备的开发与研究

发布时间：2018-11-04 08:11

【摘要】：干燥作为一种广泛应用于各行各业的处理手段,对其具体过程的研究从未停止过,随着社会需求的不断增加,人们希望对于干燥过程能有更深入同时也更准确的过程。建立更完善的模型,确立更精确的干燥标准,尤其是对一些新出现的干燥方法,需要更多更准的实验数据来对生产及理论进行指导和反馈。本文就此需求自行设计了一款主要面向真空相关的用于干燥参数在线测量的设备,并将其投入到制造过程中。本文针对社会需求,对于实验数据的获得以及多种干燥形式的营造进行了综合的考虑,并结合对于数据的更精确要求,对设备方案进行了不断的改进,同时与制造方保持沟通,最终确定了设备制造的最终方案。此方案有以下几个创新点,首先,完成了关于质量与温度数据的连续测量,同时创新性的采用了无线测温模块,避免了数据引线可能造成的误差；其次,完成了多种干燥形式包括真空干燥、真空冷冻干燥和真空微波干燥的干燥环境的营造；再次,使得在实验过程中对物料进行取样成为可能,同时也就实现了物料新鲜截面的显微图像的获取；最后,针对震动对质量测量可能造成的影响,在结构设计中加入了若干减震设计,最大程度上减少了外部震动带来的影响。作为一款实验数据测量设备,本文对主要的测量设备包括悬臂梁电子称、无线测温系统进行了介绍,并对这两样测量设备的测量精度以及可能产生的误差进行了分析。对于悬臂梁的误差分析主要依靠ansys软件模拟及小型的实验,对包括初始变形、高温、低温、随机振动几种影响因素下,悬臂梁示数的变化情况进行了表征和适当的分析,并给出误差的计算公式用于校准。另一方面,对于无线测温系统的组成及其工作过程进行了介绍,通过这些介绍为后期对其使用及发生问题的处理提供了依据。温度、质量包括真空度等数据只是一个基本的物理量,并不能直接用于表征干燥的程度,对于干燥过程有一些统一的参数,比如传热系数、有效扩散系数、热导率等,在计算这些参数过程中基础数据例如长度、时间也包括质量等,由于人本身或测量设备本身会造成数据的波动,这种波动可以利用不确定度理论进行描述。通过一系列的分析得出最终用于表征干燥过程的参数的不确定度大小,并分析出影响此不确定度的主因。最后,合理设计实验,通过实验来验收实验设备获得实验设备各项参数的同时,也将用来验证之前做出的误差分析以及无线测温装置是否能够承担起使得数据离准确值更近的任务。
[Abstract]:Drying is widely used in various industries, the study of its specific process has never stopped. With the increasing demand of society, people hope to have a deeper and more accurate process for drying process. To establish more perfect models and more precise drying standards, especially for some new drying methods, more and more accurate experimental data are needed to guide and feedback the production and theory. In this paper, a vacuum related equipment for on-line measurement of drying parameters is designed and applied to the manufacturing process. In this paper, according to the social needs, we have considered synthetically the acquisition of experimental data and the construction of various drying forms, and combined with the more accurate requirements for the data, we have continuously improved the equipment scheme and maintained communication with the manufacturer. Finally, the final scheme of equipment manufacturing is determined. This scheme has the following innovations: firstly, the continuous measurement of the quality and temperature data is completed, and the wireless temperature measurement module is innovatively used to avoid the error caused by the data lead; Secondly, the drying environment of vacuum drying, vacuum freeze drying and vacuum microwave drying has been built. Thirdly, it is possible to sample the material in the process of experiment, and at the same time, obtain the microscopic image of the fresh section of the material. Finally, in view of the possible impact of vibration on mass measurement, a number of damping designs are added to the structural design to minimize the impact of external vibration. As a kind of experimental data measuring equipment, this paper introduces the main measuring equipment, including cantilever beam electronic weighing and wireless temperature measuring system, and analyzes the measuring accuracy and possible error of these two kinds of measuring equipment. The error analysis of cantilever beam mainly depends on the simulation of ansys software and small scale experiment. The change of the number of the cantilever beam is characterized and properly analyzed under the influence factors of initial deformation, high temperature, low temperature and random vibration. The calculation formula of error is given for calibration. On the other hand, the composition and working process of wireless temperature measurement system are introduced. The data of temperature and mass, including vacuum degree, are only a basic physical quantity and can not be directly used to characterize the degree of drying. There are some uniform parameters for the drying process, such as heat transfer coefficient, effective diffusion coefficient, thermal conductivity, etc. In the process of calculating these parameters, the basic data such as length and time also include quality, which can be described by the uncertainty theory because of the fluctuation of data caused by the person itself or the measuring equipment itself. Through a series of analyses, the uncertainty of the parameters used to characterize the drying process was obtained, and the main factors affecting the uncertainty were analyzed. Finally, the experiment is designed reasonably, and the parameters of the experimental equipment are obtained by the experiment. It will also be used to verify previous error analysis and the ability of wireless thermometers to take on the task of bringing data closer to the correct value.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB4

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