青海省玉树州典型崩塌变形破坏模式与过程分析

发布时间：2018-11-19 18:31

【摘要】：青海省玉树藏族自治州位于青藏高原中部,巴颜喀拉地块与羌塘地块交界的金沙江缝合带附近。地质环境极其复杂,崩塌灾害频繁发生,对当地的居民及国家的生命财产安全造成巨大的威胁。因此研究该区崩塌灾害的发育分布规律以及变形破坏模式和过程,对该地区崩塌灾害的防治具有指导意义。首先,本论文通过对玉树地区资料的收集、野外现场调查和室内分析研究,结合研究区地质环境背景,分析了研究区崩塌灾害的类型,研究了研究区崩塌灾害的形成条件以及影响因素,总结了研究区崩塌灾害的发育分布规律。认为地形地貌、岩土体类型等内在因素对崩塌灾害的发育起着控制作用,降水、人类工程活动等外在因素对崩塌灾害的发育起着诱发和加剧作用;认为研究区崩塌灾害的发育具有时间性和空间性。其次,在分析研究区崩塌灾害特征的基础上,运用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方式,对研究区四种典型崩塌灾害的变形破坏模式和过程进行了详细的研究。认为倾倒式崩塌受卸荷等作用产生垂直裂隙,但坡脚有支撑力作用;滑移式崩塌为裂隙连通层理面,贯穿坡体,滑移面角度略小于坡角,受重力及坡面摩擦力作用;拉裂式崩塌受拉张作用,形成拉张裂缝,且下部无支撑力作用;错断式崩塌为坡体形成竖向裂隙,坡体受重力作用和垂向摩擦力作用。运动过程上,倾倒式崩塌表现为倾倒;滑移式表现为滑移-坠落;拉裂式崩塌表现为拉裂-坠落-倾倒;错断式崩塌表现为错断-滑移。最后,针对研究区四种变形破坏模式的崩塌灾害,提出防治措施,进而指导该区崩塌灾害预防和治理。
[Abstract]:Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province is located in the middle of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, near the Jinsha River suture zone at the junction of the Bayankala and Qiangtang blocks. The geological environment is extremely complex and collapse disasters occur frequently, which pose a great threat to the safety of local residents and national life and property. Therefore, it is of guiding significance to study the development and distribution law, deformation and failure mode and process of collapse disaster in this area. First of all, through the data collection, field investigation and indoor analysis of Yushu area, combined with the geological environment background of the study area, this paper analyzes the types of collapse disaster in the study area. The formation conditions and influencing factors of the collapse disaster in the study area were studied, and the development and distribution law of the collapse disaster in the study area was summarized. It is considered that the internal factors, such as topography and geomorphology, rock and soil types, play a controlling role in the development of the collapse disaster, and the external factors such as precipitation and human engineering activities play an important role in inducing and exacerbating the development of the collapse disaster. It is considered that the development of collapse disaster in the study area is temporal and spatial. Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of collapse disaster in the study area, the deformation and failure modes and processes of four typical collapse disasters in the study area are studied in detail by the combination of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. It is considered that the toppling collapse has vertical fracture, but the foot of the slope has the supporting force, the slip collapse is the connected bedding surface of the fissure, and the slip plane angle is slightly smaller than the slope angle, which is affected by gravity and the friction force on the slope. The tensile fracture is formed by tension, and there is no supporting force in the lower part, and the staggered collapse is the vertical crack formed by the slope body, and the slope body is subjected to gravity and vertical friction. In the process of movement, the toppling type is toppling; the slip type is slipping-falling; the pull type collapse is tension-falling -toppling; and the staggered collapse is missed-slip. Finally, aiming at the collapse disaster of four kinds of deformation and failure modes in the study area, the prevention and control measures are put forward to guide the prevention and control of the collapse disaster in this area.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P642.21

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