中央空调风系统节能优化控制算法的研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 17:45

【摘要】：近年来，随着中国对节能减排以及环保的重视，加深了人们对能源危机的认识，低碳已经逐渐成为国家生产和人民日常生活的关键词，建筑节能的主要要求是让中央空调降低消耗，这主要是因为能源在世界范围已经非常短缺，且空调的使用量与日俱增。所以，，在“低碳化”的进程中，中央空调的降耗成为一个关键性的课题。首先，通过阅读大量的国内外参考文献，本文综述了中央空调的发展和研究现状。其次，本文介绍了暖通空调系统尤其是空气处理系统的结构与工艺原理。中央空调系统是先通过制冷机组产生冷（热）源，之后通过管道将冷（热）源送到每个空调末端以便达到制冷（热）的目的。本文将能量守恒定律和热传导作为依据，针对中央空调空气处理系统各工作环节的能耗特点的主要工艺流程，建立了相应的空气处理单元的数学模型，同时通过现有的研华控制模拟实验平台工控机采集到了空调房间的温、湿度、送风量及送风风阀阀门开度的电信号等数据，并运用最小二乘法建立了关于空气处理系统中能耗设备（送风风机风扇、冷冻水水泵）的静态模型。然后根据实际中央空调空气处理系统的运行特点，本文提出了空气处理系统的优化目标和约束条件。针对中央空调空气处理单元的非线性、大滞后、多扰动的系统特性，本文提出一种改进的蚁群算法对其进行优化。利用改进的蚁群算法求解中央空调空气处理系统的最小功率。本文通过改变算法中的概率选择公式以及信息素挥发因子的表达式，克服了基本蚁群算法的容易出现停滞现象，出现局部最优，以及迭代次数过多的现象，提高了优化算法的搜索速度和精度，为中央空调空气处理系统的节能优化提供了一种新的有效方法。最后，本文通过实验室中的小型中央空调系统，对空气处理单元的不同工况验证改进蚁群算法的有效性，得到了令人满意的优化结果，充分验证了此算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction and environmental protection in China, people have deepened their understanding of the energy crisis. Low carbon has gradually become the key word of national production and people's daily life. The main requirement for building energy efficiency is to allow central air conditioners to reduce consumption, mainly because of the worldwide shortage of energy and the increasing use of air conditioners. Therefore, in the process of low-carbonization, the consumption reduction of central air-conditioning has become a key issue. Firstly, through reading a lot of references at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the development and research status of central air conditioning. Secondly, this paper introduces the structure and process principle of HVAC system, especially air treatment system. The central air conditioning system first produces the cold (heat) source through the refrigeration unit, then sends the cold (heat) source through the pipeline to each air conditioning end to achieve the purpose of refrigeration (heat). Based on the law of conservation of energy and heat conduction, the mathematical model of air treatment unit is established according to the main process flow of energy consumption characteristics of each working link of central air conditioning system. At the same time, the temperature, humidity, air supply volume and electrical signal of the valve opening of the air supply valve are collected by the industrial control computer, which is the simulation experiment platform of the existing Yanhua control system. The static model of energy consumption equipment (air fan, chilled water pump) in the air treatment system is established by using the least square method. Then, according to the operation characteristics of the air treatment system of central air conditioning system, the optimization goal and constraint conditions of the air processing system are put forward in this paper. An improved ant colony algorithm (ACA) is proposed to optimize the central air-conditioning air processing unit for its nonlinear, large delay and multi-disturbance characteristics. The improved ant colony algorithm is used to solve the minimum power of central air conditioning system. By changing the formula of probability selection and the expression of pheromone volatilization factor in the algorithm, this paper overcomes the phenomenon that the basic ant colony algorithm is prone to stagnation, appears local optimum, and has too many iterations. The search speed and precision of the optimization algorithm are improved, which provides a new and effective method for energy saving optimization of central air conditioning system. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved ant colony algorithm is verified by the small central air conditioning system in the laboratory, and the validity of the improved ant colony algorithm is verified by the different working conditions of the air treatment unit, and the feasibility of the algorithm is fully verified.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB657.2;TP13

【参考文献】