南北活动构造带中段地质灾害与重大工程地质问题概论

发布时间：2018-12-30 18:16

【摘要】：甘肃天水等城镇和成兰交通廊道位于青藏高原东缘南北活动构造带中段,是中国东西部地质、地貌边界带,断裂活动性强,地震活动频繁。本文在区内地质资料收集分析和野外地质调查的基础上,从活动断裂、浅表层地质灾害、深埋隧道重大工程地质问题等角度,分析了甘肃天水等城镇和成兰交通廊道规划建设过程中可能遇到的工程地质问题,认为:研究区内对成兰铁路和甘肃天水等城镇具有重大影响的活动断裂带主要有15条,并对区域构造应力场具有重要影响,具有强震诱发背景;研究区内地质灾害极为发育,主要包括崩塌、滑坡和泥石流,地质灾害的发育分布受强降雨、地震和活动断裂影响大,并发育一系列古地震滑坡,部分崩塌和滑坡方量大,具有高位、高速远程等特征,已严重制约着城镇、铁路、公路等地面工程建设,危害严重;研究区内深埋长大隧道多且工程地质问题复杂,已经遇到并严重受高地应力、软岩大变形、涌水突泥和高地温等重大工程地质问题的影响,同时还存在活动断裂断错效应对深埋隧道和桥梁等重要工程设施的长期影响。针对上述工程地质问题,深入探讨了其发育分布规律,并提出了调查研究途径和解决办法,对区内重要城镇、重大工程规划建设具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Tianshui and Cheng-lan traffic corridors in Gansu Province are located in the middle of the north-south active tectonic belt in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. They are the geological and geomorphologic boundary zones of eastern and western China, with strong fault activity and frequent seismic activity. Based on the collection and analysis of geological data in the area and field geological survey, this paper deals with active faults, shallow surface geological hazards, and major engineering geological problems of deep buried tunnels, etc. This paper analyzes the engineering geological problems that may be encountered in the planning and construction of towns such as Tianshui and Cheng-lan in Gansu Province, and considers that there are mainly 15 active fault zones in the study area which have great influence on Cheng-Lan railway and Tianshui, Gansu, etc. It has important influence on the regional tectonic stress field and has strong earthquake induced background. The geological hazards in the study area are extremely developed, mainly including collapses, landslides and debris flows, the development and distribution of geological hazards are greatly affected by heavy rainfall, earthquakes and active faults, and a series of paleoearthquake landslides, some of which are large in quantity. It has the characteristics of high position, high speed and long distance, which has seriously restricted the construction of urban, railway, highway and other ground engineering, and caused serious harm. There are many deep buried long tunnels and complex engineering geological problems in the study area, which have been seriously affected by such major engineering geological problems as high ground stress, large deformation of soft rock, water gushing and mud outburst and high ground temperature, etc. At the same time, there is a long-term effect of active fault effect on deep buried tunnels and bridges and other important engineering facilities. In view of the above engineering geological problems, this paper probes into the law of its development and distribution, and puts forward the investigation and research ways and solutions, which can be used for reference for the planning and construction of important cities and towns in the region.
【作者单位】：中国地质科学院地质力学研究所;国土资源部新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室;中国地质环境监测院;中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司;
【基金】：中国地质调查局项目(DD20160271) 国家自然科学基金项目(41402321,41731287)
【分类号】：P642;P694

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