多功能干燥机旋转破碎盘强度分析
发布时间：2019-01-01 21:44
【摘要】：多功能干燥机主要用于干燥膏状和饼状物料,能同时完成物料的干燥、粉碎和分级,即只须一次连续操作,就可将待干燥物料干燥成粉末。本文从工程应用角度,建立破碎盘转子的三维模型和力学模型,通过有限元软件分析了破碎盘在热-结构耦合下的强度和动力学特性,这对干燥设备的制造和应用有着重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文从动力学和静力学两个方面对结构进行了分析,最后对结构进行了优化。在动力学方面,采用有限元方法建立了转子的简化模型,计算了转子的前2阶静态固有频率和振型。利用ANSYS软件求出转子前10阶固有频率和计及陀螺效应的一阶临界转速,结果表明工作转速远离一阶临界转速,属于刚性转子。考虑轴承承受动载荷时的刚度,重新求解转子临界转速,结果表明该转子结构可采用轴承静刚度进行计算。利用谐响应分析求出转子的幅频响应,验证了转子的固有频率。通过不同加速时间下转子的幅值响应,表明电机启动时间选取23s是适宜的。通过对叶片和物料的碰撞模拟并对结果进行傅里叶变换,表明碰撞力由3种频率组成；计算转子受到该频谱激励时的响应,结果表明结构是安全的。在静力学方面,计算了转盘的温度场分布,得出转子在热-结构耦合作用下的应力分布,结果表明应力远低于许用应力,转盘发生内凹变形,最大变形量为1.1mm。对转盘的尺寸优化后,重新计算转子的温度和热应力分布,优化后转盘质量降低,临界转速升高,应力分布较为均匀。
[Abstract]:The multifunctional dryer is mainly used for drying paste and cake materials, which can be dried, crushed and classified simultaneously, that is, only one continuous operation is required to dry the materials to be dried into powder. In this paper, from the view of engineering application, the three-dimensional model and mechanical model of the broken disk rotor are established, and the strength and dynamic characteristics of the broken disk under the thermal-structural coupling are analyzed by the finite element software. It has important theoretical significance and practical value for the manufacture and application of drying equipment. In this paper, the structure is analyzed from two aspects of dynamics and statics, and the structure is optimized. In the aspect of dynamics, the simplified model of rotor is established by finite element method, and the first two order static natural frequencies and modes of rotor are calculated. The first 10 natural frequencies of the rotor and the first order critical speed taking into account the gyroscope effect are obtained by using ANSYS software. The results show that the working speed is far from the first order critical speed and belongs to the rigid rotor. Considering the stiffness of the bearing under the dynamic load, the critical speed of the rotor is solved again. The results show that the rotor structure can be calculated by the static stiffness of the bearing. The amplitude-frequency response of the rotor is obtained by harmonic response analysis, and the natural frequency of the rotor is verified. According to the amplitude response of the rotor at different acceleration time, it is suitable to select the starting time of the motor for 23s. By simulating the collision between the blade and the material and applying Fourier transform to the result, it is shown that the collision force is composed of three frequencies, and the response of the rotor excited by the frequency spectrum is calculated. The results show that the structure is safe. In the aspect of statics, the temperature field distribution of the rotary disc is calculated, and the stress distribution of the rotor under the thermal-structural coupling action is obtained. The results show that the stress is far lower than the allowable stress, and the inner concave deformation of the rotary disc occurs, and the maximum deformation is 1.1 mm. The temperature and thermal stress distribution of the rotor are recalculated after the size of the rotary disc is optimized. After the optimization, the mass of the rotor plate is reduced, the critical speed is increased, and the stress distribution is more uniform.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB4
[Abstract]:The multifunctional dryer is mainly used for drying paste and cake materials, which can be dried, crushed and classified simultaneously, that is, only one continuous operation is required to dry the materials to be dried into powder. In this paper, from the view of engineering application, the three-dimensional model and mechanical model of the broken disk rotor are established, and the strength and dynamic characteristics of the broken disk under the thermal-structural coupling are analyzed by the finite element software. It has important theoretical significance and practical value for the manufacture and application of drying equipment. In this paper, the structure is analyzed from two aspects of dynamics and statics, and the structure is optimized. In the aspect of dynamics, the simplified model of rotor is established by finite element method, and the first two order static natural frequencies and modes of rotor are calculated. The first 10 natural frequencies of the rotor and the first order critical speed taking into account the gyroscope effect are obtained by using ANSYS software. The results show that the working speed is far from the first order critical speed and belongs to the rigid rotor. Considering the stiffness of the bearing under the dynamic load, the critical speed of the rotor is solved again. The results show that the rotor structure can be calculated by the static stiffness of the bearing. The amplitude-frequency response of the rotor is obtained by harmonic response analysis, and the natural frequency of the rotor is verified. According to the amplitude response of the rotor at different acceleration time, it is suitable to select the starting time of the motor for 23s. By simulating the collision between the blade and the material and applying Fourier transform to the result, it is shown that the collision force is composed of three frequencies, and the response of the rotor excited by the frequency spectrum is calculated. The results show that the structure is safe. In the aspect of statics, the temperature field distribution of the rotary disc is calculated, and the stress distribution of the rotor under the thermal-structural coupling action is obtained. The results show that the stress is far lower than the allowable stress, and the inner concave deformation of the rotary disc occurs, and the maximum deformation is 1.1 mm. The temperature and thermal stress distribution of the rotor are recalculated after the size of the rotary disc is optimized. After the optimization, the mass of the rotor plate is reduced, the critical speed is increased, and the stress distribution is more uniform.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB4
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