基于压电分流阵列的带隙调控及振动抑制

发布时间：2019-01-07 10:45

【摘要】：将相同的压电片周期性地粘贴到被控结构表面,并在每个压电片上连接一个相同的分流电路,形成阵列结构。称这种阵列结构为压电分流阵列,而将安装了压电分流阵列的复合结构称为压电分流阵列结构。压电分流阵列除了具有传统压电分流阻尼技术附加质量小、安装方便和简单易用等优点外,还同时具备声子晶体带隙特性,有望实现振动与噪声宽频控制的目的,在轻质柔性结构的减振降噪领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文以航天工程中轻质柔性结构振动与噪声控制为背景,以高分卫星微振动抑制为目标,围绕一维和二维压电分流阵列,解决与其相关的理论基础和技术应用问题,利用理论分析、软件仿真和实验测试相结合的方法,对压电分流阵列进行系统和深入的理论研究和工程应用探索,主要创新及研究成果如下:提出了压电分流阵列结构新的建模和计算方法。首次提出一维压电分流阵列结构的精确积分模型,并分析了传统长波近似模型引入的误差。发展了新的二维压电分流阵列结构带隙计算方法,包括数值法求解超越特征值问题或波场变换实现特征值问题线性化,完成了二维压电分流阵列结构任意方向传播常数的求解。以上算法研究成果为压电分流阵列的理论分析和设计应用提供了有力的工具。完成了压电分流阵列结构的带隙特性与机理研究。首次系统深入地研究了压电分流阵列结构的带隙特性和带隙形成机理,包括电阻电路、谐振电路和负电容电路三种不同类型分流电路形成带隙的物理机理,以及电路参数对带隙内传播常数的影响。电阻能够在分流电路中形成阻尼耗散,不仅对带隙产生影响,还会在通带内产生一定的衰减作用。电感与压电片电容形成谐振单元,能够在压电分流阵列结构中引起局域共振带隙。负电容的引入提高了压电分流系统的机电耦合系数,能够有效增大带隙宽度及带隙内衰减。通过对压电分流阵列结构带隙特性和机理的研究,有效揭示了关键的带隙影响因素和影响规律,为压电分流阵列的设计提供了理论基础。实现了压电分流阵列的优化设计。综合运用前面的算法工具和理论分析成果,结合适当的优化算法,实现压电分流阵列的优化设计,包括电路参数和几何参数两个方面。电路参数根据分流电路类型的不同,主要有电阻、电感和负电容,适当选取电路参数不仅是带隙位置调控的关键,还是增大带隙宽度和带隙内衰减的有效手段。几何参数主要是压电片尺寸和晶格常数,压电片尺寸直接关系到晶格填充率和分流电路的机电耦合效率,而晶格常数也是影响带隙特性的重要参数。探索了压电分流阵列在卫星微振动抑制中的应用可行性。压电分流阵列同时吸取了传统压电分流阻尼技术和声子晶体带隙思想的优点,具有附加质量小、安装方便、简单易用和宽频控制等优点,尤其适合于航天工程中轻质柔性结构的振动与噪声控制。以高分卫星微振动传递抑制为目标,在卫星舱体上设计了二维压电分流阵列,分析了分流阵列对舱体上微振动传递的抑制作用,探索了压电分流阵列在卫星微振动抑制中应用的可行性。本文在航天工程中轻质柔性结构振动与噪声控制的需求牵引下,系统深入地研究了压电分流阵列的建模与算法、带隙机理、带隙特性和优化设计,并探索了压电分流阵列在卫星微振动抑制中的应用可能性。本文的研究成果不仅解决了压电分流阵列理论研究中的大量关键理论技术问题,也为其在航天工程中的实际应用进行了有益的探索。
[Abstract]:The same piezoelectric sheet is periodically adhered to the surface of the controlled structure and the same shunt circuit is connected to each of the piezoelectric plates to form an array structure. The array structure is called a piezoelectric shunt array, and a composite structure in which a piezoelectric shunt array is mounted is referred to as a piezoelectric shunt array structure. in addition, that piezoelectric shunt array has the advantages of small additional quality, convenient installation and easy use and the like with the traditional piezoelectric shunt damping technology, and has potential application prospect in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of the light flexible structure. In this paper, based on the vibration and noise control of light flexible structure in space engineering, a two-dimensional and two-dimensional piezoelectric shunt array is used to solve the problems of theoretical foundation and technology application. Based on the combination of the software simulation and the experiment test, the system and in-depth theoretical research and engineering application exploration of the piezoelectric shunt array are carried out. The main innovation and the research results are as follows: the new modeling and calculation method of the piezoelectric shunt array structure is proposed. The precise integral model of one-dimensional piezoelectric shunt array is proposed for the first time, and the error introduced by the traditional long-wave approximate model is analyzed. The method for calculating the band gap of a new two-dimensional piezoelectric shunt array structure is developed, which comprises the following steps of: solving the problem of the transcendental eigenvalue problem or the wave field transformation to realize the linearization of the characteristic value problem by a numerical method, and completing the solution of the propagation constant in the arbitrary direction of the two-dimensional piezoelectric shunt array structure. The results of the above algorithm provide a powerful tool for the theoretical analysis and design application of the piezoelectric shunt array. The band gap characteristics and mechanism of the piezoelectric shunt array structure are studied. The band gap and the band gap forming mechanism of the structure of the piezoelectric shunt array are studied in depth for the first time. The physical mechanism of the band gap and the influence of the circuit parameters on the propagation constant in the band gap are included in the three different types of shunt circuits of the resistance circuit, the resonant circuit and the negative capacitance circuit. the resistance can form the damping dissipation in the shunt circuit, not only has the influence on the band gap, but also generates a certain attenuation effect in the pass band. the inductance and the capacitance of the piezoelectric plate form a resonance unit, and the local resonance band gap can be caused in the structure of the piezoelectric shunt array. The introduction of the negative capacitance improves the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the piezoelectric shunt system, and can effectively increase the band gap width and the band gap attenuation. Through the study of the gap character and mechanism of the structure of the piezoelectric shunt array, the key band gap influence factors and the influence law are effectively revealed, and the theoretical basis for the design of the piezoelectric shunt array is provided. and the optimal design of the piezoelectric shunt array is realized. By using the previous algorithm tools and the theoretical analysis results, the optimal design of the piezoelectric shunt array is realized by combining the appropriate optimization algorithm, including both the circuit parameters and the geometric parameters. The circuit parameters are mainly of resistance, inductance and negative capacitance depending on the type of the shunt circuit. The proper selection of circuit parameters is not only the key to the regulation of the position of the band gap, but also the effective means to increase the band gap width and the attenuation in the band gap. The geometrical parameters are mainly the size of the piezoelectric plate and the lattice constant, the size of the piezoelectric plate is directly related to the lattice filling rate and the electromechanical coupling efficiency of the shunt circuit, and the lattice constant is also an important parameter which influences the band gap characteristic. The application of the piezoelectric shunt array in the suppression of satellite micro-vibration is explored. The piezoelectric shunt array has the advantages of small additional quality, convenient installation, simple and easy to use and wide frequency control, and is especially suitable for vibration and noise control of light flexible structure in space engineering. A two-dimensional piezoelectric shunt array is designed on the satellite cabin, and the effect of the shunt array on the micro-vibration transfer of the cabin is analyzed. The feasibility of the application of the piezoelectric shunt array in the suppression of the micro-vibration of the satellite is also discussed. In this paper, the modeling and algorithm of the piezoelectric shunt array, the mechanism of the band gap, the band gap characteristic and the optimization design of the piezoelectric shunt array are studied, and the possibility of the application of the piezoelectric shunt array in the suppression of the micro-vibration of the satellite is also studied. The research results of this paper not only solve the large number of key theoretical and technical problems in the theory study of the piezoelectric shunt array, but also make a useful exploration for its practical application in space engineering.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535

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