欧洲现代设计的历史社会学释义
发布时间：2019-02-17 14:40
【摘要】：现代设计的历史研究对现代设计而言有着非常重要的意义,而作为现代设计起源之一的欧洲现代设计一直以来都是现代设计史研究的重心。对欧洲现代设计的历史演进的持续考察并获知其隐含的内在演化机制能够增进对现代设计历史认识并有助于现代设计本身在未来的发展。根据这样的研究目标,在基于历史与社会科学研究准则上运用历史社会学的研究方法,本文以欧洲社会的现代化变迁作为背景,通过生产技术、政治制度、经济政策以及人的内在精神信念等维度,在类型学意义上对欧洲现代设计起源的社会作用机制以及历史因果关系进行了整体的比较分析和解释。该研究的所得结果如下：首先,欧洲现代设计的起源首先与社会的工业生产技术密切地联系在一起,工业生产技术对欧洲现代设计的发展有着十分独特的作用机制。欧洲现代设计的历史创造主体(设计师和思想家)对它的态度经历了一个从排斥到全面接受的过程,而这个过程的转变则突出地体现在早期工业国与后继工业国的现代设计运动参与者对工业化的设计技术、设计程序和审美的认知和理解差异上,这种差异最终造成了设计上真正的现代主义不是在欧洲的早期工业国、反而最后是在后继工业国里成形。其次,欧洲社会的政治制度与经济政策也以一种差异化的复杂方式作用于欧洲现代设计的起源。西欧的宪政制度和自由主义为它们的现代设计运动提供了宽松的意识形态环境,也因此在西欧(英国)的现代设计运动有着活跃的社会意识和意识形态表达,但也因此缺乏来自国家层面对其发展的有组织支持。相比较而言,中、东欧的官僚集权和国家主义则对现代设计运动有着更为明显的主动和强制,而其作用也具有双面性：当现代设计运动符合其国家政治目标,那么在短期内它将会起到巨大的促进作用,反之,则会对其发展产生明显的障碍,而这种阻碍在长期的历史过程来看更为明显。同样地,社会经济政策对欧洲现代设计发展的作用也是复调式的,西欧的自由主义市场经济促进了在欧洲那些具有商业性质的设计活动的繁荣,而中、东欧的垄断和计划管制经济则随同相应政治制度一起对它起着双重的作用。此外,欧洲现代设计的产生和发展不仅有其客观的社会结构处境,它的出现也承载了主观的历史文化含义。基于自身的内在文化信念,许多欧洲现代设计运动的参与者把设计看作是社会改革的一种有效手段并提出自己的改良方案。并且,欧洲现代设计也体现了它所传承的欧洲文化传统：理性主义和理想主义。对于前者,欧洲现代社会的工业化本就是理性主义文化在技术上的表达,它对现代设计的作用本身就是理性化的,不仅如此,欧洲的现代设计运动在对待工业化生产技术上也呈现了一个逐渐合理化的过程；欧洲现代设计的理想主义则主要体现在其各种设计运动的思想家和实践者所抱有的乌托邦精神上,他们或者希望运用设计来应对现实社会的不满,或者希望用它来实现自己心中宗教式的彼岸世界。通过以上的阐述,对该研究可以做出这样的结论：欧洲现代设计的起源和发展机制有着自身的历史独特性。其起源的独特原因是由欧洲宏观的社会变迁而造成的独特社会结构所设定的,同时,其发展的特别价值或意义又受到欧洲社会文化观念传统的持久影响。为了增进这样的历史理解,需要通过具有从历史叙事向历史分析进行转向的意识以及一种社会学的理论视野来获得。在这个视野中,对社会的历史变迁和由此产生的特别社会结构的认知是分析的前提,而在此前提下,作为历史活动创造主体的历史人物,其与社会背景具有交互性的思想同他们的实践行动一道则成为了决定欧洲现代设计进程的关键。也因此,这段历史才能避免被简单地认为是由历史人物所任意创造的,它也同样免除了被简化为表面的编年叙事的命运。
[Abstract]:The historical study of modern design is of great significance to the modern design, and the European modern design, which is one of the origin of modern design, has been the center of gravity of modern design history. The continuous investigation of the historical evolution of the modern design of Europe and its implicit internal evolution mechanism can enhance the understanding of modern design history and help the development of modern design itself in the future. Based on the research object of this kind of research, based on the historical and social science research criterion, this paper uses the historical sociology research method, this text regards the modern change of the European society as the background, through the production technology, the political system, the economic policy and the human's inner spiritual belief and other dimensions, In the typological sense, the social action mechanism and the historical causal relationship of the origin of the modern European design are analyzed and explained. The results of this study are as follows: First, the origin of the modern European design is closely related to the industrial production technology of the society, and the industrial production technology has a very unique mechanism for the development of the modern European design. The history of the modern European design (the designer and the thinker) has experienced a process from rejection to full acceptance, and the transformation of the process is reflected in the design technology of the industrialization by the modern design movement participants of the early industrial and the subsequent industrialized countries, The difference in the cognitive and understanding of the design procedure and the aesthetic result in the fact that the real modernism in the design is not in the early industrial countries in Europe, but it is finally shaped in the following industrial countries. Second, the political system and economic policy of the European society also function in the origin of the modern design of Europe in a differentiated and complex way. The constitutional system and the liberalism of Western Europe have provided a loose ideological environment for their modern design movement, and therefore have active social and ideological expressions in the modern design movement of Western Europe (England), However, there is also a lack of organized support from the national level for its development. In contrast, in the middle and Eastern Europe, the centralization and nationalism of Eastern Europe have more obvious initiative and force for the modern design movement, and its function also has the double-sided ability: when the modern design movement is in line with its national political goal, it will have a great promotion effect in the short term, On the other hand, there is a clear barrier to its development, which is more pronounced in the long-term historical process. Similarly, the role of socio-economic policies in the development of modern European design is also complex, and the liberal market economy in Western Europe has promoted the prosperity of those with commercial nature in Europe, The monopoly of Eastern Europe and the planned control economy play a double role with the corresponding political system. In addition, the emergence and development of the modern European design not only has its objective social structure, but also bears the subjective historical and cultural meaning. On the basis of its own internal cultural beliefs, many of the participants in the modern design movement of Europe regard the design as an effective means of social reform and put forward their own improvement. And the European modern design also embodies the European cultural tradition that it inherited: rationalism and idealism. For the former, the industrialization of the modern European society is the technical expression of the rationalism culture, and its effect on the modern design is rational, and in addition, the modern design movement in Europe has also presented a gradual rationalization process in the treatment of the industrial production technology; The idealism of the modern European design is mainly embodied in the utopian spirit of the thinkers and practitioners of its various design movements, or they want to use the design to deal with the dissatisfaction of the real society, or hope to use it to realize the religion of the world. Through the above-mentioned exposition, it can be concluded that the origin and development mechanism of European modern design has its own historical uniqueness. The unique cause of its origin is set by the unique social structure caused by the social change of Europe, and the special value or meaning of its development is influenced by the traditional European social and cultural concept. In order to improve such a historical understanding, it is necessary to obtain by having the consciousness of turning from the historical narration to the historical analysis and a sociological theoretical field of view. In this field of view, the historical changes of the society and the cognition of the special social structure thus produced are the premise of the analysis, and on this premise, the historical figures of the main body are created as historical activities, The idea of interaction with the social background, together with their practice, has become the key to the decision of the European modern design process. As a result, this segment history can be avoided simply as being created by historical figures, and it also eliminates the fate of the year-by-year narrative that is simplified as a surface.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB47
本文编号：2425274
[Abstract]:The historical study of modern design is of great significance to the modern design, and the European modern design, which is one of the origin of modern design, has been the center of gravity of modern design history. The continuous investigation of the historical evolution of the modern design of Europe and its implicit internal evolution mechanism can enhance the understanding of modern design history and help the development of modern design itself in the future. Based on the research object of this kind of research, based on the historical and social science research criterion, this paper uses the historical sociology research method, this text regards the modern change of the European society as the background, through the production technology, the political system, the economic policy and the human's inner spiritual belief and other dimensions, In the typological sense, the social action mechanism and the historical causal relationship of the origin of the modern European design are analyzed and explained. The results of this study are as follows: First, the origin of the modern European design is closely related to the industrial production technology of the society, and the industrial production technology has a very unique mechanism for the development of the modern European design. The history of the modern European design (the designer and the thinker) has experienced a process from rejection to full acceptance, and the transformation of the process is reflected in the design technology of the industrialization by the modern design movement participants of the early industrial and the subsequent industrialized countries, The difference in the cognitive and understanding of the design procedure and the aesthetic result in the fact that the real modernism in the design is not in the early industrial countries in Europe, but it is finally shaped in the following industrial countries. Second, the political system and economic policy of the European society also function in the origin of the modern design of Europe in a differentiated and complex way. The constitutional system and the liberalism of Western Europe have provided a loose ideological environment for their modern design movement, and therefore have active social and ideological expressions in the modern design movement of Western Europe (England), However, there is also a lack of organized support from the national level for its development. In contrast, in the middle and Eastern Europe, the centralization and nationalism of Eastern Europe have more obvious initiative and force for the modern design movement, and its function also has the double-sided ability: when the modern design movement is in line with its national political goal, it will have a great promotion effect in the short term, On the other hand, there is a clear barrier to its development, which is more pronounced in the long-term historical process. Similarly, the role of socio-economic policies in the development of modern European design is also complex, and the liberal market economy in Western Europe has promoted the prosperity of those with commercial nature in Europe, The monopoly of Eastern Europe and the planned control economy play a double role with the corresponding political system. In addition, the emergence and development of the modern European design not only has its objective social structure, but also bears the subjective historical and cultural meaning. On the basis of its own internal cultural beliefs, many of the participants in the modern design movement of Europe regard the design as an effective means of social reform and put forward their own improvement. And the European modern design also embodies the European cultural tradition that it inherited: rationalism and idealism. For the former, the industrialization of the modern European society is the technical expression of the rationalism culture, and its effect on the modern design is rational, and in addition, the modern design movement in Europe has also presented a gradual rationalization process in the treatment of the industrial production technology; The idealism of the modern European design is mainly embodied in the utopian spirit of the thinkers and practitioners of its various design movements, or they want to use the design to deal with the dissatisfaction of the real society, or hope to use it to realize the religion of the world. Through the above-mentioned exposition, it can be concluded that the origin and development mechanism of European modern design has its own historical uniqueness. The unique cause of its origin is set by the unique social structure caused by the social change of Europe, and the special value or meaning of its development is influenced by the traditional European social and cultural concept. In order to improve such a historical understanding, it is necessary to obtain by having the consciousness of turning from the historical narration to the historical analysis and a sociological theoretical field of view. In this field of view, the historical changes of the society and the cognition of the special social structure thus produced are the premise of the analysis, and on this premise, the historical figures of the main body are created as historical activities, The idea of interaction with the social background, together with their practice, has become the key to the decision of the European modern design process. As a result, this segment history can be avoided simply as being created by historical figures, and it also eliminates the fate of the year-by-year narrative that is simplified as a surface.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB47
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