面向产品低碳设计的多因素冲突协调方法

发布时间：2019-03-16 15:45

【摘要】：产品低碳设计(Product Low-Carbon Design, PLCD)是在产品功能实现、性能满足和经济指标符合下,以降低全生命周期各阶段的碳排放量为主要目标的一种新的设计方法,与绿色设计、生态设计既有关联又存在明显的差异。PLCD与原有功能结构、制造工艺、装拆维修、使用维护、成本效益等多因素之间的冲突问题是制约其有效实施的主要瓶颈之一,属于可持续设计与制造领域的重要科学问题之一。PLCD产生的相容性或对立等冲突问题涉及了大量有待更新和处理的新知识,因此,研究PLCD知识演化的多因素、多学科冲突协调方法是一项富有挑战性和前沿性的研究课题。针对PLCD产生的不相容与对立问题,运用可拓设计理论研究PLCD冲突协调方法：提出了以产品全生命周期碳足迹、成本和性能等的多因素关联建模、建立多维关联函数的相似检索与推理机制、分析基于设计要素变换的动态分类机理、解决面向多种方法集成的低碳设计冲突协调问题,其主要工作包括：1.针对低碳需求驱动的PLCD多因素冲突问题,提出了面向PLCD的多因素关联建模技术。分析并确定产品全生命周期碳足迹、成本和性能等多因素之间的内在强弱关联、相容或对立冲突等耦合关系,结合公理化设计理论实现低碳需求与产品实例结构的量化映射,通过改进成本分析法,建立低碳设计各阶段的成本和碳足迹集成的数学模型,通过改进性能网状图,建立性能内在关联及其与前两者的外在传导、转化逻辑关系,应用基元理论,构建基于低碳结构基的关联知识模型。2.研究低碳设计实例多维检索的有效降维问题,提出实例检索的多维关联函数构建及应用方法。针对单维低碳需求检索的点到区间距值计算结果与实际设计情况不一致问题,通过变斜率原理改进侧距,应用类推方法,建立多维侧距,针对多维侧距公式计算的相对复杂性和无降维性,构建多维关联函数模型及其快速降维的算法步骤,给出了基于多维关联函数的三个层次低碳实例检索方法。3.针对低碳设计特征的多层次性、可变换性和分类动态性问题,提出了基于层次变换的低碳实例动态分类方法。该方法创新性的运用形式化建模推理方式,将低碳设计需求与实例特征的相似检索结果转换为矛盾问题描述模型,结合相似基元截集与BP神经网络,给出低碳实例分类原理及其分类传导变换响应,依据低碳设计需求动态变化性,建立多维关联函数变换的低碳设计多层次、多阶级的分类推理方法。4.针对低碳设计实例不完全匹配的冲突问题,提出了集成TRIZ与可拓的低碳设计冲突协调方法,建立冲突核问题与非核问题的转换流程,结合TRIZ理论和可拓方法,分别生成基于物理矛盾的不相容问题策略生成、基于技术矛盾的对立问题策略生成方法,构建低碳设计冲突协调过程模型,给出协调关键步骤和重要参数的计算方法,实现冲突协调的设计方案涌现。最后,将以上理论方法应用于大型螺杆空气压缩机的PLCD原型系统,验证了多因素建模技术的低碳数据库构建、低碳设计冲突问题的产生机理分析与确定、低碳实例分类技术、变低碳需求下的核问题与非核问题转换、冲突协调方案涌现技术、方案评价寻优等的理论技术与方法的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The product Low-Carbon Design (PLCD) is a new design method to reduce the carbon emission at all stages of the life cycle. The conflict between the PLCD and the original functional structure, the manufacturing process, the assembly and disassembly maintenance, the use maintenance, the cost benefit and the like is one of the main bottlenecks that restrict the effective implementation of the PLCD, and belongs to one of the important scientific problems in the field of sustainable design and manufacture. The problems of the compatibility or the opposite of the PLCD involve a lot of new knowledge to be updated and processed. Therefore, the multi-factor and multi-subject conflict coordination method for studying the evolution of the knowledge of the PLCD is a challenging and front-edge research project. In view of the incompatibility and the opposite problem of the PLCD, the extension design theory is used to study the PLCD conflict coordination method: a multi-factor association modeling based on the full life cycle carbon footprint, cost and performance of the product is proposed, and the similar retrieval and reasoning mechanism of the multi-dimensional correlation function is established. The mechanism of dynamic classification based on the transformation of design factors is analyzed, and the coordination problem of low-carbon design conflict is solved. The main work includes:1. In order to solve the problem of multi-factor conflict of PLCD driven by low-carbon demand, a multi-factor correlation modeling technology for PLCD is proposed. The quantitative mapping of the low-carbon requirement and the product instance structure is realized by combining the public-chemical design theory, the quantitative mapping of the low-carbon requirement and the product instance structure is realized, and the cost analysis method is improved, A mathematical model of the cost and carbon footprint integration in each stage of low-carbon design is set up, and the correlation knowledge model based on the low-carbon structure is built by improving the performance mesh graph, establishing the intrinsic relation of the performance and the external conduction of the two, converting the logical relation, applying the primitive theory. In this paper, the effective dimension reduction of multi-dimension retrieval in low-carbon design is studied, and the multi-dimensional correlation function construction and application method of the case retrieval are put forward. Aiming at the problem that the calculation result of the point-to-region spacing value retrieved by the single-dimensional low-carbon requirement is not consistent with the actual design situation, the lateral distance is improved by the variable slope principle, the analogy method is applied, the multi-dimensional side distance is established, the relative complexity and the non-reducing property calculated for the multi-dimensional side distance formula are calculated, In this paper, a multi-dimensional correlation function model and its fast dimensionality reduction algorithm are constructed. Three-level low-carbon case retrieval method based on multi-dimensional correlation function is given. In order to solve the problem of multi-level, convertibility and classification of low-carbon design features, a method for dynamic classification of low-carbon instances based on hierarchical transformation is proposed. The method comprises the following steps of: converting a similar search result of a low-carbon design requirement and an example characteristic into a conflict problem description model by using a formal modeling and reasoning method, combining a similar primitive intercept set and a BP neural network, and giving a low-carbon example classification principle and a classification conduction transformation response thereof, According to the dynamic change of the low-carbon design demand, the multi-level and multi-class classification reasoning method of the low-carbon design of the multi-dimensional correlation function transformation is established. Aiming at the conflict problem of incomplete matching of low-carbon design examples, an integrated TRIZ and extension low-carbon design conflict coordination method is proposed, a transition flow of the conflict core problem and a non-nuclear problem is established, a TRIZ theory and an extension method are combined to generate an incompatible problem policy generation based on the physical contradiction, Based on the technology-contradiction-based conflict policy generation method, a low-carbon design conflict coordination process model is constructed, and a calculation method for coordinating key steps and important parameters is provided, and a design scheme of conflict coordination is realized. and finally, the above theoretical method is applied to the PLCD prototype system of the large screw air compressor, the low-carbon database construction of the multi-factor modeling technology, the mechanism analysis and determination of the low-carbon design conflict problem, the low-carbon case classification technology, The feasibility and effectiveness of the theory and method of the nuclear issue and the non-nuclear issue conversion, the emerging technology of the conflict coordination scheme, the evaluation of the scheme and the like under the low-carbon demand are discussed.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472

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