中国人人体全身振动感知阈值的研究

发布时间：2019-04-03 14:17

【摘要】：随着我国经济的迅速发展和城市规模的日益扩大,人们对生产、生活的环境质量要求不断提升,振动对人体的影响已经越来越成为一个不可忽视的科学问题。振动破坏了人类与外界环境之间的和谐关系,国际上已经将其列为七大环境公害之一。全身振动属于振动中的一种常见类型,它是指通过与身体的支撑面(如座椅、床板、地面等)传递到整个人体的振动。交通运输工具、施工、工业机械、农业设备等引起的振动通过大地和建筑基础传递到附近建筑物室内。人体暴露于这些全身振动的环境中,当建筑物的振动幅值只要稍微超过人体的感知水平时,就可能引起居住者产生不满。因此研究如何科学、合理地评价人体全身振动感知阈值是很有意义的。本文综述了人体全身振动感知阈值的研究现状及相应标准,并介绍了现有的评价全身振动的方法和物理量,指出现有评价全身振动感知的方法具有一定的局限性。本文选取了38名中国受试人员,采用激振器进行激励,测定坐姿、立姿、卧姿人体全身振动感知阈值;得到相应的频率-阈值曲线,对比分析了不同频率、性别、年龄、身高、体重、职业的中国人人体全身振动感知阈值的差异;通过与外文文献、相关标准的对比,做出相关建议。虽然国外人体全身振动感知阈值的研究开展得比较早,但国内关于这方面的系统研究基本处于空白。本文研究中国人人体全身振动感知阈值的影响因素,为指导国内工程实践以及标准的修订提供了一定的理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy and the expansion of the scale of the city, the environmental quality of people's production and life has been constantly improved. The influence of vibration on the human body has become a scientific problem that can not be ignored. Vibration destroys the harmonious relationship between human and the external environment, which has been listed as one of the seven environmental hazards in the world. Full-body vibration is a common type of vibration. It refers to the vibration transmitted to the whole body through the support surface of the body (such as seat, bed, floor, etc.). Vibration caused by means of transportation, construction, industrial machinery, agricultural equipment, etc., is transmitted to nearby buildings through the earth and building foundations. When the human body is exposed to the whole body vibration, when the vibration amplitude of the building is only slightly higher than the perceived level of the human body, it may cause the residents to become disgruntled. Therefore, it is meaningful to study how to evaluate the whole body vibration perception threshold scientifically and reasonably. This paper summarizes the research status and corresponding standards of human body whole body vibration perception threshold, and introduces the existing methods and physical quantities for evaluating the whole body vibration, and points out that the existing methods for evaluating the whole body vibration perception have some limitations. In this paper, 38 Chinese subjects were selected to test the whole body vibration sensing threshold of sitting, standing and lying posture by exciter. The corresponding frequency-threshold curves were obtained, and the differences of different frequencies, gender, age, height, weight, occupation of Chinese people's whole body vibration perception threshold were compared and analyzed. Through the comparison with foreign literature and related standards, make relevant recommendations. Although the research of human body whole body vibration perception threshold has been carried out early in foreign countries, the domestic systematic research on this aspect is basically in the blank. In this paper, the influence factors of the whole body vibration perception threshold of Chinese human body are studied, which provides a theoretical basis for guiding domestic engineering practice and revision of the standard.
【学位授予单位】：中国铁道科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB535

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