基于SLP方法的RX公司车间设施布局研究
发布时间：2019-05-08 11:12
【摘要】：随着经济全球化竞争的加剧,21世纪的制造企业,如何在激烈的竞争中保持不败之地成为企业工作的重心。在竞争中,企业争相优化成本,主要原材料消耗和节省人力,在这种形势下,仅通过降低产品的物料消耗和企业人力消耗来增加企业利润已经变得越来越不可取。企业只有降低产品生产成本的同时,提高工厂的运营效率,才能切实有效地提高企业效益。21世纪,物流已成为企业利润的“第三源泉”,车间的设施布局是企业物流的重要组成部分,布局的优劣直接关系到企业制造系统的生产成本、生产效率、车间利用率以及生产的安全性。因此,对于生产制造企业来说,对车间设施布局的改善,进而提升企业生产效率非常有必要。本研究以此为切入点,对哈尔滨RX公司机械加工车间的设施布局进行研究。 在查阅大量文献的基础上,本文介绍了设施布置的研究现状以及相关的理论知识和方法。以哈尔滨RX公司机械加工车间为研究对象,测取了该公司机械加工车间的车间搬运量、车间工序间距离等大量的数据,详细分析了车间的生产现状,并对该车间进行了物流分析,通过定性和定量的方法找出了机械加工车间的现存问题：设施布局不合理、物料搬运随意性大、缺乏5S管理等。 针对该公司的机械加工车间的设施布局问题,本文运用理查德·缪瑟的SLP方法进行分析。首先,收集车间的基本要素,划分车间的作业单元。然后,对车间的各个作业单元采用定性与定量相结合的方法对相关物流和非物流关系进行分析,得到车间作业单元的物流与非物流的内在相互关系,经过研究得到整个车间的综合相互关系,再绘制包括车间基本要素、作业单元等在内的车间位置相关图。最后,结合车间的实际情况,考虑车间设备的占地面积、工艺要求等因素确定了两套备选方案。 本文采用层次分析法来评价备选方案和原方案,以物流效率、场地利用率、整体工作环境、布局的柔性为评价准则,通过专家打分法,建立判断矩阵进行一致性检验,结果表明备选方案都优于原方案,最终确定了车间的最优方案。 本文运用设施布局的相关知识对哈尔滨RX公司机械加工车间的设施布局问题进行了优化研究。通过对车间的设施布局优化,提高了车间的面积利用率和设备的使用效率,减少了物料搬运路线的交叉次数,降低了工人的劳动强度及产品的生产成本,全面地提高了整个车间的生产效率,进而提高了公司效益,增强了企业的社会竞争力。
[Abstract]:With the increasing competition of economic globalization, how to keep an invincible position in the fierce competition becomes the focus of enterprise work in the 21st century. In the competition, enterprises strive to optimize the cost, consumption of main raw materials and save manpower. Under this situation, it has become more and more undesirable to increase profits by reducing the material consumption of products and human consumption of enterprises. In the 21st century, logistics has become the third source of profits for enterprises only when they reduce the cost of production and improve the efficiency of the operation of the factory in order to effectively improve the efficiency of the enterprise. In the 21st century, logistics has become the "third source" of profits for enterprises. The layout of workshop facilities is an important part of enterprise logistics, and its advantages and disadvantages are directly related to the production cost, production efficiency, workshop utilization rate and production safety of the enterprise manufacturing system. Therefore, for manufacturing enterprises, it is very necessary to improve the layout of workshop facilities and then improve the production efficiency of enterprises. This research takes this as the breakthrough point, carries on the research to the Harbin RX company machinery processing workshop facility layout. On the basis of consulting a large number of literatures, this paper introduces the research status and related theoretical knowledge and methods of facility layout. Taking the machining workshop of Harbin RX Company as the research object, this paper measures a large number of data, such as the moving capacity of the workshop and the distance between the working processes of the workshop, and analyzes the production status of the workshop in detail. Based on the logistics analysis of the workshop, the existing problems of the machining workshop are found out by qualitative and quantitative methods, such as unreasonable layout of facilities, large random handling of materials, lack of 5S management, and so on. In this paper, Richard Muther's SLP method is used to analyze the layout of facilities in the machining workshop of the company. Firstly, the basic elements of the workshop are collected, and the operation units of the workshop are divided. Then, the qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze the relationship between logistics and non-logistics, and the intrinsic relationship between logistics and non-logistics of workshop units is obtained, and the relationship between logistics and non-logistics is analyzed by qualitative and quantitative methods, and the relationship between logistics and non-logistics is obtained. After studying the comprehensive interrelation of the whole workshop, we draw the position correlation diagram of the workshop, including the basic elements of the workshop, the work unit and so on. Finally, according to the actual situation of the workshop, two sets of alternatives are determined considering the floor area and technological requirements of the workshop equipment. In this paper, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to evaluate the alternative scheme and the original scheme. Based on the evaluation criteria of logistics efficiency, site utilization, overall working environment and layout flexibility, an expert scoring method is used to establish a judgment matrix for consistency test. The results show that the alternative scheme is superior to the original one, and the optimal scheme of the workshop is finally determined. Based on the knowledge of facility layout, the optimization of facility layout in Harbin RX Co., Ltd is carried out in this paper. By optimizing the layout of workshop facilities, the utilization rate of workshop area and the use efficiency of equipment are improved, the crossing times of material handling routes are reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the production cost of products are reduced. It improves the production efficiency of the whole workshop in an all-round way, and then improves the efficiency of the company and enhances the social competitiveness of the enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB491
[Abstract]:With the increasing competition of economic globalization, how to keep an invincible position in the fierce competition becomes the focus of enterprise work in the 21st century. In the competition, enterprises strive to optimize the cost, consumption of main raw materials and save manpower. Under this situation, it has become more and more undesirable to increase profits by reducing the material consumption of products and human consumption of enterprises. In the 21st century, logistics has become the third source of profits for enterprises only when they reduce the cost of production and improve the efficiency of the operation of the factory in order to effectively improve the efficiency of the enterprise. In the 21st century, logistics has become the "third source" of profits for enterprises. The layout of workshop facilities is an important part of enterprise logistics, and its advantages and disadvantages are directly related to the production cost, production efficiency, workshop utilization rate and production safety of the enterprise manufacturing system. Therefore, for manufacturing enterprises, it is very necessary to improve the layout of workshop facilities and then improve the production efficiency of enterprises. This research takes this as the breakthrough point, carries on the research to the Harbin RX company machinery processing workshop facility layout. On the basis of consulting a large number of literatures, this paper introduces the research status and related theoretical knowledge and methods of facility layout. Taking the machining workshop of Harbin RX Company as the research object, this paper measures a large number of data, such as the moving capacity of the workshop and the distance between the working processes of the workshop, and analyzes the production status of the workshop in detail. Based on the logistics analysis of the workshop, the existing problems of the machining workshop are found out by qualitative and quantitative methods, such as unreasonable layout of facilities, large random handling of materials, lack of 5S management, and so on. In this paper, Richard Muther's SLP method is used to analyze the layout of facilities in the machining workshop of the company. Firstly, the basic elements of the workshop are collected, and the operation units of the workshop are divided. Then, the qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze the relationship between logistics and non-logistics, and the intrinsic relationship between logistics and non-logistics of workshop units is obtained, and the relationship between logistics and non-logistics is analyzed by qualitative and quantitative methods, and the relationship between logistics and non-logistics is obtained. After studying the comprehensive interrelation of the whole workshop, we draw the position correlation diagram of the workshop, including the basic elements of the workshop, the work unit and so on. Finally, according to the actual situation of the workshop, two sets of alternatives are determined considering the floor area and technological requirements of the workshop equipment. In this paper, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to evaluate the alternative scheme and the original scheme. Based on the evaluation criteria of logistics efficiency, site utilization, overall working environment and layout flexibility, an expert scoring method is used to establish a judgment matrix for consistency test. The results show that the alternative scheme is superior to the original one, and the optimal scheme of the workshop is finally determined. Based on the knowledge of facility layout, the optimization of facility layout in Harbin RX Co., Ltd is carried out in this paper. By optimizing the layout of workshop facilities, the utilization rate of workshop area and the use efficiency of equipment are improved, the crossing times of material handling routes are reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the production cost of products are reduced. It improves the production efficiency of the whole workshop in an all-round way, and then improves the efficiency of the company and enhances the social competitiveness of the enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB491
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 陈雷雷;沈妙妙;王sビ，
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