空调铝箔式换热器翅片穿插铜管的力位控制

发布时间：2019-05-08 18:31

【摘要】：管翅铝箔式换热器是空调行业中最常用的换热器,但是由于铝箔翅片厚度为1mm,孔径为7.3mm,U型管孔径为7.0mm,在换热器生产过程中翅片和U型管会产生变形等缺陷,使得翅片穿插铜管的自动化难度非常高,现在为人工穿管。本文围绕铝箔翅片穿插铜管的工艺特点,研究铝箔翅片孔和U型铜管的穿插装配问题,为翅片穿插铜管的自动化提出了可行性方案,对于实现我国空调行业换热器的自动化生产有十分重要的理论价值,对于提高我国空调行业的竞争力,实现空调行业从劳动密集型向技术密集型的产业结构调整有重要意义。根据换热器成型制造的工艺流程和各工序特点,分析铝箔翅片和U型铜管的工艺缺陷和其对翅片穿插铜管的自动化的影响,得到翅片穿插铜管装配的力位控制的必要性。对翅片和铜管进行了穿插磨损实验,结果表明：铜管的磨损非常小,而随着穿插次数由0到70次,翅片磨损宽度从45μm扩展至210μm,磨损深度从4μm增加到18μm,翅片的磨损量在可控范围内,符合换热器的工艺要求。根据铝箔翅片穿插铜管过程中翅片与U型管的接触位姿,分析翅片穿插铜管的孔-管力学行为,以力传感器的反馈力F和导向锥帽锥角α为已知输入量,构建翅片孔与U型管轴线夹角β、轴线的距离偏差e为调整量的位姿判断和反馈力F调整模型。基于该反馈力学模型,提出翅片穿插铜管力位控制的控制策略和控制方法,可知,经过反馈力实时对接触状态的调整,翅片可依据四种动作模式完成穿插铜管操作。按照翅片自动化穿插铜管的操作过程,设计翅片穿插铜管的实验平台,包括翅片夹爪、U型管夹具和机械运动轴的设计。对铝箔翅片翻边受力变形和翅片穿插铜管的力反馈进行了测试实验,可知,最佳的行进速度1.2m/min和步长4mm及翅片翻边承受的最大力值21N。翅片穿插铜管实验得出翅片穿插铜管过程中,穿插距离为45mm时,调整时间为1.6s,所用时间为4.1s,为自动化设备开发的提供参数。
[Abstract]:Tube-fin aluminum foil heat exchanger is the most commonly used heat exchanger in air conditioning industry. However, because the thickness of aluminum foil fin is 1 mm, the aperture of U-shaped tube is 7.3 mm and the diameter of U-shaped tube is 7.0 mm, the fin and U-shaped tube will be deformed in the process of heat exchanger production. This makes it very difficult to automate the insertion of copper tubes through the fins, which is now hand-pierced. Based on the technological characteristics of aluminum foil finned copper tubes, this paper studies the insertion and assembly of aluminum foil finned holes and U-shaped copper tubes, and puts forward a feasible scheme for the automation of fin inserting copper tubes. It is of great theoretical value to realize the automatic production of heat exchangers in air-conditioning industry of our country. It is of great significance to improve the competitiveness of air-conditioning industry in our country and realize the adjustment of industrial structure from labor-intensive to technology-intensive in air-conditioning industry. The process defects of aluminum foil fin and U-shaped copper tube and their influence on the automation of fin insertion copper tube are analyzed according to the process flow and characteristics of each process of forming and manufacturing of heat exchanger. The necessity of force level control of finned inserted copper tube assembly is obtained. The wear test of fin and copper tube is carried out. The results show that the wear of copper tube is very small. With the insertion times from 0 to 70 times, the width of fin wear extends from 45 渭 m to 210 渭 m, the wear depth increases from 4 渭 m to 18 渭 m, and the wear depth increases from 4 渭 m to 18 渭 m, and the wear depth increases from 4 渭 m to 18 渭 m. The fin wear is within the controllable range and meets the technical requirements of heat exchangers. According to the contact position between fin and U-shaped tube in the process of aluminum foil fin inserting copper tube, the hole-tube mechanical behavior of finned copper tube is analyzed. The feedback force F of force sensor and the cone angle 伪 of guide cone cap are known inputs. The angle 尾 between the finned hole and the axis of the U-shaped tube is constructed, and the distance deviation e of the axis is the pose judgment and the feedback force F adjustment model. Based on the feedback mechanical model, the control strategy and control method of force level control of finned inserted copper tube are proposed. It can be seen that the fin can complete the operation of inserting copper tube according to four kinds of action modes through the real-time adjustment of contact state by feedback force. According to the operation process of fin automatic insertion of copper tube, an experimental platform for fin insertion of copper tube is designed, including the design of fin clamp, U-shaped pipe clamp and mechanical motion shaft. The force deformation of aluminum foil fin flanging and the force feedback of finned copper tube are tested. It is found that the optimum travel speed 1.2m/min and step 4mm and the maximum force value of flanged fin are 21N. The experiment of fin inserting copper tube shows that the adjustment time is 1.6 s and the time used is 4.1 s when the insertion distance of finned copper tube is 45mm, which provides the parameters for the development of automation equipment.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB657.5

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