水声宽带换能器匹配技术研究与应用
发布时间：2019-05-14 20:17
【摘要】：伴随着现代声纳技术发展,水声发射机发射的信号带宽越来越宽,这使水声宽带匹配成为了水声发射机的关键技术之一。由于水声换能器的阻抗存在电抗,且随频率的改变而不规则变化,这使得传统的窄带匹配方法很难适用。本课题针对水声宽带匹配所面临的问题,提出了将实频法引入水声宽带匹配并进行改进。通过对传统宽带匹配理论博德-范诺-尤拉理论的研究,确定了匹配时的相关限制,验证了实频法引入到宽带匹配的正确性。本课题对实频法的基本原理和改进方向进行了分析总结,详细的推导了原始实频法和简易实频法的运算过程。在总结前人的基础上提出了相应的改进,这些改进主要体现在:添加非最小电抗、增加使用优化带外阻抗和基于TPG(传输功率增益)函数的进一步推导。改进完成后通过特定负载模型的仿真验证了改进的正确性。无论是原始实频法还是改进后的实频法都无法避免的是网络拓扑函数的优化,实频法一般采用最小二乘法。本课题尝试采用遗传算法,遗传算法能够找到全局最优解且比较稳定,优化效果更佳,能提升宽带匹配的性能。在水声学中常把宽带匹配网络、换能器和水声功率放大器放在一起设计实现,它们是构成水声发射机的重要组成部分。水声功率放大器的作用是将信号发生源发出的信号进行放大,输出给下一级。它可以看做匹配电路双端网络的左端激励源,是宽带匹配最好的验证载体。本课题根据项目需求,实际设计了AB类功放和D类功放。在设计D类功放时,功率放大器件选用IGBT代替常见的MOSFET。提升了D类功放的最大功率限制,使其更加符合大功率放大电路的需要。最后从实际应用出发,本课题以实际项目中的换能器ZT40-16等为负载,采用改进后的实频法,设计实现了引入宽带匹配网络电路的水声发射机设计与实现。通过MATLAB仿真与阻抗分析仪4294A的实际测试,验证了匹配网络的有效性。将匹配电路引入到水声发射机中,通过对其输出效率及声源级的测试表明宽带匹配网络大大的提升了水声发射机的性能。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern Sonar technology, the signal bandwidth of underwater acoustic transmitter is getting wider and wider, which makes underwater acoustic broadband matching become one of the key technologies of underwater acoustic transmitter. Because the impedance of underwater acoustic transducer has reactance and varies irregularly with the change of frequency, the traditional narrow band matching method is difficult to apply. In this paper, aiming at the problems of underwater acoustic broadband matching, the real frequency method is introduced into underwater acoustic broadband matching and improved. Through the study of the traditional broadband matching theory Bod-van Noir-Eula theory, the related limitations of matching are determined, and the correctness of the introduction of real frequency method into broadband matching is verified. In this paper, the basic principle and improvement direction of the real frequency method are analyzed and summarized, and the operation process of the original real frequency method and the simple real frequency method is deduced in detail. On the basis of summing up the predecessor, the corresponding improvements are put forward, which are mainly reflected in the addition of non-minimum reactance, the increase of the use of optimized out-of-band impedance and the further derivation based on TPG (Transmission Power gain) function. After the improvement is completed, the correctness of the improvement is verified by the simulation of a specific load model. Both the original real frequency method and the improved real frequency method can not avoid the optimization of network topology function, and the real frequency method generally adopts the least square method. In this paper, genetic algorithm is used to find the global optimal solution and is stable, the optimization effect is better, and the performance of broadband matching can be improved. In underwater acoustics, broadband matching network, transducer and underwater acoustic power amplifier are often designed and implemented together, and they are an important part of underwater acoustic transmitter. The function of underwater acoustic power amplifier is to amplify the signal from the signal generator and output it to the next stage. It can be regarded as the left excitation source of the two-terminal network of matching circuit, and it is the best verification carrier of broadband matching. According to the requirements of the project, AB type power amplifier and class D power amplifier are designed in this paper. In the design of class D power amplifier, IGBT is selected to replace the common MOSFET.. The maximum power limit of class D amplifier is increased, which makes it more in line with the needs of high power amplifier circuit. Finally, based on the practical application, the design and implementation of underwater acoustic transmitter with broadband matching network circuit is designed and implemented by using the improved real frequency method and the transducer ZT40-16 in the actual project. The effectiveness of the matching network is verified by MATLAB simulation and the actual test of impedance analyzer 4294A. The matching circuit is introduced into the underwater acoustic transmitter. Through the test of its output efficiency and sound source level, it is shown that the broadband matching network greatly improves the performance of the underwater acoustic transmitter.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB565.1
，
本文编号：2477016
[Abstract]:With the development of modern Sonar technology, the signal bandwidth of underwater acoustic transmitter is getting wider and wider, which makes underwater acoustic broadband matching become one of the key technologies of underwater acoustic transmitter. Because the impedance of underwater acoustic transducer has reactance and varies irregularly with the change of frequency, the traditional narrow band matching method is difficult to apply. In this paper, aiming at the problems of underwater acoustic broadband matching, the real frequency method is introduced into underwater acoustic broadband matching and improved. Through the study of the traditional broadband matching theory Bod-van Noir-Eula theory, the related limitations of matching are determined, and the correctness of the introduction of real frequency method into broadband matching is verified. In this paper, the basic principle and improvement direction of the real frequency method are analyzed and summarized, and the operation process of the original real frequency method and the simple real frequency method is deduced in detail. On the basis of summing up the predecessor, the corresponding improvements are put forward, which are mainly reflected in the addition of non-minimum reactance, the increase of the use of optimized out-of-band impedance and the further derivation based on TPG (Transmission Power gain) function. After the improvement is completed, the correctness of the improvement is verified by the simulation of a specific load model. Both the original real frequency method and the improved real frequency method can not avoid the optimization of network topology function, and the real frequency method generally adopts the least square method. In this paper, genetic algorithm is used to find the global optimal solution and is stable, the optimization effect is better, and the performance of broadband matching can be improved. In underwater acoustics, broadband matching network, transducer and underwater acoustic power amplifier are often designed and implemented together, and they are an important part of underwater acoustic transmitter. The function of underwater acoustic power amplifier is to amplify the signal from the signal generator and output it to the next stage. It can be regarded as the left excitation source of the two-terminal network of matching circuit, and it is the best verification carrier of broadband matching. According to the requirements of the project, AB type power amplifier and class D power amplifier are designed in this paper. In the design of class D power amplifier, IGBT is selected to replace the common MOSFET.. The maximum power limit of class D amplifier is increased, which makes it more in line with the needs of high power amplifier circuit. Finally, based on the practical application, the design and implementation of underwater acoustic transmitter with broadband matching network circuit is designed and implemented by using the improved real frequency method and the transducer ZT40-16 in the actual project. The effectiveness of the matching network is verified by MATLAB simulation and the actual test of impedance analyzer 4294A. The matching circuit is introduced into the underwater acoustic transmitter. Through the test of its output efficiency and sound source level, it is shown that the broadband matching network greatly improves the performance of the underwater acoustic transmitter.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB565.1
，
本文编号：2477016
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