基于FPGA的超声波清石系统的设计与实现研究
发布时间：2019-06-15 13:58
【摘要】：超声波特有的高定向性、强穿透性、高能量性,使得超声波在医学的眼科、外科、肿瘤科、牙科、皮肤科、耳鼻喉科等得到广泛应用。国际上,随着现代电子技术的进ki,超声清石系统也逐渐朝着高可靠性、高稳定性的方向发展。但是,由于控制技术积累不足,材料工艺存在若干缺陷,国内的超声清石系统存在碎石效果不佳,超声手柄和超声探杆容易损坏的缺陷,不能被国内外市场广泛接受。本课题的目的是从控制方面提升超声清石系统的性能和可靠性。本课题基于压电超声换能器的模型重新设计了超声清石系统的控制方案;应用PID算法实现了相位差到信号频率的高速计算,加快了驱动器输出信号的频率跟踪速度,提升了超声手柄的输出功率;应用FFT频谱分析实现超声换能器的异常工作状态检测,增加了压电超声换能器驱动器的保护功能,有效提高了硬件的可靠性。本文系统地介绍了压电超声换能器的原理,并对压电超声换能器建立了模型,为其控制方案的设计打下理论基础。根据理论分析,为了追求功率输出最优化,信号源输出信号的频率需要以最短的时间跟踪压电换能器的谐振点,所以控制方案必须满足高速接口和高速运算两个基本条件。在若干个控制方案中,本文选择用片上系统的思想设计压电超声换能器的控制系统,即在FPGA内部构建Nios II软核,不仅可以根据子功能的特点灵活选择高速数字电路实现方式或者代码实现方式,将高速和低速有机结合起来;而且让系统集成化程度提高,充分利用了资源。本文分两个章节从硬件和软件两个方面细化并且实现了设计方案,完成了系统设计。最后给出了实验结果。本课题主要创新点有以下几点:1.提出基于压电超声换能器模型的超声清石手柄控制方案。2.将改进的PID算法应用到超声清石手柄驱动领域,极大提高了压电超声换能器谐振点匹配速度。3.通过实时监测功率和失真度实现了超声清石手柄的过功率保护和非谐振点保护。
[Abstract]:Ultrasound has been widely used in ophthalmology, surgery, oncology, dentistry, dermatology, otolaryngology and so on because of its high directivity, strong penetration and high energy. Internationally, with the introduction of modern electronic technology, ki, ultrasonic stone cleaning system is gradually developing in the direction of high reliability and high stability. However, due to the lack of control technology accumulation, there are some defects in material technology, the domestic ultrasonic stone cleaning system has poor gravel effect, ultrasonic handle and ultrasonic probe rod are easy to be damaged, which can not be widely accepted by the domestic and foreign markets. The purpose of this paper is to improve the performance and reliability of ultrasonic stone cleaning system from the control aspect. In this paper, the control scheme of ultrasonic stone cleaning system is redesigned based on the model of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, and the high speed calculation of phase difference to signal frequency is realized by using PID algorithm, which accelerates the frequency tracking speed of the output signal of the driver and improves the output power of the ultrasonic handle. FFT spectrum analysis is used to detect the abnormal working state of ultrasonic transducer, which increases the protection function of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer driver and effectively improves the reliability of hardware. In this paper, the principle of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is systematically introduced, and the model of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is established, which lays a theoretical foundation for the design of its control scheme. According to the theoretical analysis, in order to optimize the power output, the frequency of the output signal of the signal source needs to track the resonance point of the piezoelectric transducer in the shortest time, so the control scheme must meet the two basic conditions of high speed interface and high speed operation. In several control schemes, this paper chooses the idea of on-chip system to design the control system of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, that is, to construct Nios II soft core in FPGA, which can not only flexibly select the realization mode of high-speed digital circuit or code according to the characteristics of sub-functions, and combine high speed and low speed organically, but also improve the integration of the system and make full use of resources. This paper is divided into two chapters from the hardware and software two aspects of refinement and implementation of the design, completed the system design. Finally, the experimental results are given. The main innovations of this subject are as follows: 1. A control scheme of ultrasonic stone cleaning handle based on piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer model is proposed. 2. The improved PID algorithm is applied to the driving field of ultrasonic stone cleaning handle, which greatly improves the resonance point matching speed of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. The over-power protection and non-resonant point protection of ultrasonic stone cleaning handle are realized by monitoring power and distortion in real time.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB559
[Abstract]:Ultrasound has been widely used in ophthalmology, surgery, oncology, dentistry, dermatology, otolaryngology and so on because of its high directivity, strong penetration and high energy. Internationally, with the introduction of modern electronic technology, ki, ultrasonic stone cleaning system is gradually developing in the direction of high reliability and high stability. However, due to the lack of control technology accumulation, there are some defects in material technology, the domestic ultrasonic stone cleaning system has poor gravel effect, ultrasonic handle and ultrasonic probe rod are easy to be damaged, which can not be widely accepted by the domestic and foreign markets. The purpose of this paper is to improve the performance and reliability of ultrasonic stone cleaning system from the control aspect. In this paper, the control scheme of ultrasonic stone cleaning system is redesigned based on the model of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, and the high speed calculation of phase difference to signal frequency is realized by using PID algorithm, which accelerates the frequency tracking speed of the output signal of the driver and improves the output power of the ultrasonic handle. FFT spectrum analysis is used to detect the abnormal working state of ultrasonic transducer, which increases the protection function of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer driver and effectively improves the reliability of hardware. In this paper, the principle of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is systematically introduced, and the model of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is established, which lays a theoretical foundation for the design of its control scheme. According to the theoretical analysis, in order to optimize the power output, the frequency of the output signal of the signal source needs to track the resonance point of the piezoelectric transducer in the shortest time, so the control scheme must meet the two basic conditions of high speed interface and high speed operation. In several control schemes, this paper chooses the idea of on-chip system to design the control system of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, that is, to construct Nios II soft core in FPGA, which can not only flexibly select the realization mode of high-speed digital circuit or code according to the characteristics of sub-functions, and combine high speed and low speed organically, but also improve the integration of the system and make full use of resources. This paper is divided into two chapters from the hardware and software two aspects of refinement and implementation of the design, completed the system design. Finally, the experimental results are given. The main innovations of this subject are as follows: 1. A control scheme of ultrasonic stone cleaning handle based on piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer model is proposed. 2. The improved PID algorithm is applied to the driving field of ultrasonic stone cleaning handle, which greatly improves the resonance point matching speed of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. The over-power protection and non-resonant point protection of ultrasonic stone cleaning handle are realized by monitoring power and distortion in real time.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB559
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 黄家荣;叶晓靖;;压电陶瓷电特性测试与分析[J];电子技术应用;2016年08期
2 王炜s，
本文编号：2500268
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