碳税与补贴政策结合下的低碳供应链优化策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 04:28

本文关键词： 碳税补贴低碳减排技术回收利用博弈　出处：《东华大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展,人类通过工业化给自己带来了发展和便利,而与此同时所产生的温室气体正在对气候、环境造成严重的影响。全球变暖、极端气候乃至越来越引起人们重视的雾霾都使得政府、企业和民众都更加重视低碳社会的构建。在低碳社会的实现过程中,由于供应链中的企业是最主要的碳排放者,因此低碳目标的实现在很大程度上有赖于供应链上企业的参与。基于这一现状,本文构建了一个制造商商和一个零售商组成的生产单周期产品的两级低碳供应链系统,应用博弈、供应链协调等多种方法,围绕碳税、补贴下企业如何进行决策,研究低碳供应链优化决策问题,并得出一些有意义的结论。首先,本文构建了无碳税下的供应链收益模型；通过分析碳排放所反映的问题,提出单位产品碳排放比总碳排放量更能反映企业的生产技术和运营能力的思路,确定了碳税的计量方式,并分析了不同碳税的特征及适用的情况。其次,构建了无碳税下考虑低碳技术投入和回收利用的两种形式的低碳供应链决策模型。在低碳技术下的低碳供应链决策模型中,考虑消费者低碳偏好,分析了制造商、零售商的最优决策；然后基于低碳技术补贴和回收利用补贴策略,分别构建了基于Stackelberg博弈的零售商补贴制造商的两阶段博弈的低碳供应链决策模型,并求解了制造商、零售商的均衡决策点。通过理论分析和数值模拟,研究发现无碳税时低碳补贴对碳减排可以起到激励作用,低碳所需的固定成本与企业碳减排的积极性成负相关,低碳技术下消费者的低碳偏好正向影响碳减排；补贴受利润分配方式影响；补贴下的低碳供应链均衡决策能够有效的提高单位产品碳减排量和制造商、零售商收益,两种补贴均可实现供应链决策的协调。接下来,考虑碳税因素,构建基于Stackelberg博弈的碳税结合低碳补贴的低碳供应链决策模型,并求解出制造商、零售商的均衡决策点。通过理论证明和数值模拟,研究发现：补贴同时受利润分配方式和碳税影响,其中碳税正向影响低碳补贴和碳减排量,碳税与低碳补贴联合下的低碳供应链单位产品碳减排量最高,而单纯低碳补贴下的低碳供应链其次,既无碳税约束又无补贴下的低碳供应链减排最低；碳税负向影响制造商的收益,低碳技术补贴下零售商收益随碳税的增加先增后减,回收利用补贴下碳税正向影响零售商收益。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, human beings have brought development and convenience to themselves through industrialization, while the greenhouse gases produced at the same time are causing serious effects on climate, environment and global warming. Extreme climate and even more and more attention to the haze make the government, enterprises and people pay more attention to the construction of a low-carbon society. In the process of the realization of low-carbon society. Because the enterprises in the supply chain are the most important carbon emitters, the realization of the low carbon target depends on the participation of the enterprises in the supply chain to a great extent. This paper constructs a two-level low-carbon supply chain system which is composed of a manufacturer and a retailer to produce one-cycle products. It uses many methods such as game theory, supply chain coordination and so on, and revolves around carbon tax. How to make decision under subsidy, study the optimization decision of low carbon supply chain, and draw some meaningful conclusions. Firstly, this paper constructs the model of supply chain income under no carbon tax; By analyzing the problems reflected by carbon emissions, the paper puts forward the idea that carbon emissions per unit product can reflect the production technology and operation ability of enterprises better than the total carbon emissions, and determines the measurement method of carbon tax. And analyzed the different carbon tax characteristics and applicable situation. Secondly. Two types of low-carbon supply chain decision models with low carbon technology input and recycling are constructed. In the low carbon supply chain decision model under low carbon technology, consumers' low carbon preference is considered. The optimal decision of manufacturer and retailer is analyzed. Then based on the low carbon technology subsidy and recycling subsidy strategy, the decision model of low carbon supply chain based on Stackelberg game is constructed. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, it is found that low carbon subsidies can stimulate carbon emission reduction when there is no carbon tax. The fixed cost of low carbon is negatively correlated with the enthusiasm of carbon reduction in enterprises. The low carbon preference of consumers under low carbon technology has a positive effect on carbon emission reduction. The subsidy is affected by the way of profit distribution; Low-carbon supply chain equilibrium decision under subsidies can effectively improve the carbon emission reduction per unit product, manufacturer, retailer income, the two subsidies can achieve the coordination of supply chain decision-making. Next, consider the carbon tax factors. The decision model of low-carbon supply chain based on Stackelberg game is constructed, and the equilibrium decision point of manufacturer and retailer is solved. The model is proved by theory and numerical simulation. The results show that subsidies are affected by both profit distribution and carbon tax, among which carbon tax positively affects low carbon subsidies and carbon abatement, and carbon reduction per unit product of low carbon supply chain is the highest under the combination of carbon tax and low carbon subsidy. The low carbon supply chain with pure low carbon subsidy is the second, and the low carbon supply chain with no carbon tax restriction and no subsidy has the lowest emission reduction. With the increase of carbon tax, the retailer's income increases first and then decreases, and the carbon tax under recycling subsidy positively affects the retailer's income.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F274

【相似文献】