需求依赖努力水平的供应链协调模型

发布时间：2018-02-17 08:48

本文关键词： 供应链努力水平收益共享契约　出处：《合肥工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：供应链是一个情况复杂的动态系统，既有上游的供应链成员如供应商、制造商等，还有下游的销售商、零售商等。由于这些供应链成员大多都只追求各自利益的最优，进而使供应链出现了“双边际化效应”，即供应链各成员单方面收益最优，而系统整体可能没有达到最优的现象。为了避免此现象的发生，企业领导者们通过正确的战略决策来优化供应链，，从而实现供应链上各成员的双赢。因此，研究供应链协调问题已经变得尤为重要。首先，文章在绪论部分主要描述了供应链协调问题的研究背景和意义，指出了供应链协调中存在的诸多问题和相应地协调方式方法。而随着竞争的激烈，制造商的广告合作、质量监控、售后服务等努力付出对产品的市场需求产生了一定积极影响，本文就通过考虑制造商的努力水平进行了模型研究。其次，文中针对需求依赖努力水平的两制造商单零售商供应链模型，考虑了零售商对制造商努力成本的分担比例情况及其对产品需求的影响，给出集中决策和分散决策下制造商的最优努力水平以及销售初期的最优订购量。此外，文中还分析了收益共享契约能实现供应链协调的必要条件，并得到此时制造商的最优批发价。最后，以风险波动的环境作为研究背景，考虑带有努力水平的固定需求以及回馈与惩罚契约相结合的供应链模型，分别给出了集中和分散两种决策下的最优策略，还证明了回馈与惩罚契约能够实现供应链的协调，并且探讨了在风险波动条件下供应链各成员利润的变化关系，通过数据模拟得到一些相关的灵敏度分析和管理启示。
[Abstract]:Supply chain is a complex dynamic system, which has upstream supply chain members such as suppliers, manufacturers and so on, as well as downstream vendors, retailers, etc. In order to avoid this phenomenon, the supply chain has a "double marginalization effect", that is, the members of the supply chain have the best unilateral income, but the system as a whole may not reach the optimum. The leaders of enterprises optimize the supply chain through correct strategic decision, so as to realize the win-win situation of each member of the supply chain, therefore, it has become particularly important to study the coordination of supply chain. First of all, in the introduction part, the paper mainly describes the research background and significance of supply chain coordination, and points out many problems in supply chain coordination and corresponding coordination methods. However, with the fierce competition, manufacturers cooperate in advertising. Quality control, after-sales service and other efforts have a positive impact on the market demand of the product. This paper makes a model study by considering the manufacturer's level of effort. Secondly, according to the supply chain model of two manufacturers single retailer, the paper considers the ratio of retailer to manufacturer's effort cost and its influence on product demand. The optimal effort level of the manufacturer and the optimal order quantity in the initial stage of sales are given under centralized and decentralized decision. In addition, the necessary conditions for the profit sharing contract to realize the coordination of supply chain are also analyzed in this paper. The optimal wholesale price of the manufacturer is obtained. Finally, taking the environment of risk fluctuation as the research background, considering the supply chain model with the fixed demand of effort level and the combination of feedback and punishment contract, the optimal strategies under centralized and decentralized decisions are given respectively. It is also proved that the feedback and punishment contract can realize the coordination of supply chain, and the relationship between the profit of each member of the supply chain under the condition of risk fluctuation is discussed, and some sensitivity analysis and management inspiration are obtained through the data simulation.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274

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