新常态下转变我国外贸市场开拓方式研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 20:40

本文关键词： 新常态外贸市场开拓方式对外贸易　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国顺应全球化趋势,对外贸易飞速发展,2010年出口贸易超过德国,2013年,我国进口贸易首次超过美国,成为全球货物贸易第一大国。随着国际贸易环境复杂多变,国际金融危机以来主要发达国家贸易保护主义盛行,外部需求具有较大不确定性,使得我国在国际市场上的竞争加剧。新常态下,外贸逐渐进入中低速发展阶段,我国劳动力成本优势逐渐降低,就要求我国相应调整外贸发展战略,根据国际市场需求,生产出让消费者满意的商品,以增强我国在全球市场上的竞争力。积极参与全球国际竞争,让我国的外贸企业更好地开拓国际市场,保持外贸持续稳定增长,在转变外贸发展方式中,必须转变外贸市场开拓方式。只有转变外贸市场开拓方式,才能实现我国出口市场的扩大,继续发挥我国低要素成本的大国制造优势,通过跨国经营和内外贸一体化供应链体系,降低企业出口成本,增强我国出口商品的渗透力和竞争优势。论文研究了在新常态下我国外贸市场开拓存在的问题,提出了转变外贸市场开拓方式的目标,分析了其作用机制,运用分析法、归纳总结法等,在搜集现有理论和文献的基础之上进行系统化的文献分类和加工整理。虽然我国对外贸易发展迅速,但我国市场集中度高对传统进出口市场依赖较强,进出口市场结构仍面临调整优化,低成本竞争优势逐渐削弱,参与国际市场竞争方式落后,缺乏开拓新市场的动力,企业自主创新和技术研发能力不强,主要依靠低成本制造优势,使我国出口商品处于全球价值链低端环节。运用实证分析法,通过分析我国对外贸易有关的数据,建立外贸市场开拓方式转变的绩效评价模型,分析评价各因素的影响效果,通过不断加大高新技术产品出口市场的开拓力度,并且对发达国家转变外贸市场开拓方式的经验进行比较借鉴,提出新常态下转变我国外贸市场开拓方式的对策。包括:优化出口市场布局和贸易结构,强化企业自主创新,提高高新技术产品占总出口比重,营造国际分工价值链提升的政策环境和产品服务供应链体系,创新贸易方式,融入国外零售体系等对策思路。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has complied with the trend of globalization and foreign trade has developed rapidly. In 2010, China's export trade surpassed that of Germany. In 2013, China's import trade surpassed the United States for the first time, becoming the largest country in the world's trade in goods. Since the international financial crisis, trade protectionism has prevailed in the major developed countries, and the external demand is uncertain, which makes our country's competition in the international market intensify. Under the new normal, foreign trade has gradually entered the stage of medium and low speed development. Our country's labor cost advantage is gradually decreasing, which requires our country to adjust its foreign trade development strategy accordingly, and to produce goods that satisfy consumers according to the demand of the international market. In order to enhance our country's competitiveness in the global market, to actively participate in the global international competition, to enable our foreign trade enterprises to better develop the international market, to maintain the sustained and stable growth of foreign trade, and to change the mode of foreign trade development, We must change the mode of opening up the foreign trade market. Only by changing the mode of opening up the foreign trade market can we realize the expansion of our export market and continue to give full play to the manufacturing advantages of our country's large countries with low factor costs. Through transnational operation and integrated supply chain system of domestic and foreign trade, the export cost of enterprises is reduced, and the permeability and competitive advantage of China's export commodities are enhanced. This paper studies the problems existing in the development of China's foreign trade market under the new normal state. The paper puts forward the goal of changing the mode of opening up foreign trade market, analyzes its mechanism, applies the analysis method, induces and sums up the method, etc. On the basis of collecting the existing theories and literature, the systematic classification and processing of documents are carried out. Although China's foreign trade is developing rapidly, China's market concentration is highly dependent on the traditional import and export markets. The structure of import and export market is still facing adjustment and optimization, the competitive advantage of low cost is gradually weakened, the way of participating in international market is backward, the motive force of exploiting new market is lacking, the independent innovation and technology R & D ability of enterprise is not strong. Mainly relying on the advantage of low cost manufacturing, the export commodities of our country are in the low end of the global value chain. By using the empirical analysis method, the performance evaluation model of the transformation of foreign trade market development mode is established by analyzing the relevant data of China's foreign trade. This paper analyzes and evaluates the effects of various factors, and compares the experiences of developed countries in transforming their foreign trade market by constantly increasing the intensity of developing the export market of high and new technology products. The countermeasures to change the mode of foreign trade market development in China under the new normal condition are put forward, including: optimizing the distribution of export market and trade structure, strengthening the independent innovation of enterprises, increasing the proportion of high and new technology products in the total export. To create the policy environment for the promotion of international division of labor value chain and the system of product and service supply chain, to innovate the way of trade, and to integrate into the foreign retail system and so on.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752

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