基于供应链金融的逆向主导型供应链协调优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 15:48

本文选题：逆向主导型供应链　切入点：供应链金融　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国的著名经济学家克里斯多夫曾经说过这样的话：“市场上没有企业而只有供应链，真正的竞争是供应链与供应链之间的竞争，而不是企业与企业之间的竞争。”随着我国商品经济的发展以及产业结构的不断优化调整，供应链协同优化逐渐得到人们的关注。与此同时，日益激烈的行业竞争、迅速变化的市场环境使得更加接近市场终端、更容易获得消费者需求变动信息的供应链终端企业占据着优势，近年来苏宁、国美、沃尔玛以及一些电子商务平台如京东商城的崛起就是典型的例子。与传统供应链中制造商占据核心地位不同，这些供应链终端企业因为其强大的物流配送系统和一流的信息沟通系统而在其供应链中占据主导地位，这也是本文的研究对象：逆向主导型供应链。中小企业的数量在我国很多，他们对国民经济的增长有很大贡献，但在发展过程中中小企业的贷款难问题却在一定程度上制约了企业的发展。近些年逐渐兴起的供应链金融不仅是我国金融业发展的创新，更为解决中小企业贷款难问题提供了很好的契机。它不仅优化整合了供应链，同时也提高了供应链资金的利用率，降低了供应链成本，增强了供应链整体竞争力。因此本文以逆向主导型供应链为主要研究对象，从供应链金融的视角研究只有一个供应商一个制造商一个零售商的三级供应链在资金决策方面的协调优化问题。在探讨零售商制造商协调时，基于报童模型，，研究资金短缺的逆向主导型供应链如何在使用期权契约降低市场风险的同时，又最大限度的提高供应链的资金利用效率。结果表明，为了降低自身的融资成本，处于中游的制造商会在自有流动资金方面保持一定水平，但是这也给上游供应商的货款回收带来了很大的问题。在供应商-制造商供应链中，制造商可以利用自身的优势地位通过应付账款将资金紧张问题传导至供应商，这样就造成了供应商应收账款的增加以及短期内面临的资金紧张问题，在这一部分，本文通过应收账款融资的引入并使用FAHP方法对其质押率进行确定，并将其与传统贷款模式中的质押率进行比较，结果表明，在供应链有核心企业的前提下，供应链上游处于弱势的中小企业可以通过应收账款融资更有效率地解决资金短缺问题。
[Abstract]:Christopher, a famous American economist, once said, "there are no enterprises in the market but only the supply chain. The real competition is between the supply chain and the supply chain." With the development of commodity economy and the continuous optimization and adjustment of industrial structure, people pay more and more attention to the coordination optimization of supply chain. At the same time, the increasingly fierce industry competition, The rapidly changing market environment makes supply chain terminal enterprises that are closer to market terminals and easier to obtain information about changes in consumer demand occupy an advantage. In recent years, Su Ning, Gome, The rise of Wal-Mart and other e-commerce platforms such as JingDong Mall is a case in point. Unlike manufacturers in traditional supply chains, These supply chain terminal enterprises play a leading role in their supply chain because of their powerful logistics distribution system and first-class information communication system. This is also the research object of this paper: reverse leading supply chain. The number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is very large. They have made great contributions to the growth of the national economy. However, in the process of development, the problem of loan difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises restricts the development of enterprises to a certain extent. The rising supply chain finance in recent years is not only the innovation of the development of financial industry in our country. It not only optimizes and integrates the supply chain, but also improves the utilization rate of the supply chain funds, reduces the supply chain cost and enhances the overall competitiveness of the supply chain. Therefore, this paper takes the reverse leading supply chain as the main research object. From the perspective of supply chain finance, this paper studies the coordination and optimization of the three-level supply chain with only one supplier, one manufacturer and one retailer in the aspect of capital decision. This paper studies how to use option contract to reduce market risk and improve the efficiency of capital utilization in the reverse dominant supply chain with shortage of funds. The results show that in order to reduce the financing cost of the supply chain, Manufacturers in the middle stream maintain a certain level of their own liquidity, but this also poses a big problem in the upstream supplier's payment recovery. In the supplier-manufacturer supply chain, Manufacturers can take advantage of their position to channel the shortage of funds to suppliers through accounts payable, resulting in an increase in suppliers' accounts receivable and short-term funding constraints, and in this part, Through the introduction of accounts receivable financing and the use of FAHP method to determine the pledge rate, and compare it with the traditional loan model, the results show that the supply chain has the premise of the core enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises in the upstream of supply chain can solve the problem of capital shortage more efficiently through accounts receivable financing.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F830.5

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