考虑转运和库龄结构差异的血液供应链库存策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 16:17

本文选题：血液供应链　切入点：转运　出处：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,世界各国对其医疗与健康系统日益重视。血液作为医疗与健康的必备品,除了具有传统易逝品生命周期短的特征,还面临着供需高度的不确定性。血液的临床需求是否能够得到满足关系到病人的生命安全,同时血液过期会导致浪费,这给血液供应链管理带来了严峻挑战。相关数据显示:医院的血液过期极其严重,因此加强和改善医院血液库存管理至关重要。此外,血液作为保质期极短的易逝品,库龄结构差异也会对库存管理产生很大的影响。然而,基于医院血液过期严重和关注血液库龄结构的库存管理相关研究较少,且医院之间考虑通过转运优化库存的探究几乎没有。因此,从转运且考虑血液库龄结构的视角对血液供应链的库存策略进行研究具有重要意义。本文在现有研究的基础上,对由一个血液中心和两家医院组成的血液供应链进行研究。本文研究了Order-up-to(订货至目标库存水平)、OIR(血液中心基于the old inventory ratio订货)、SOIR(整个供应链(血液中心和医院)都基于the old inventory ratio订货)三种补货策略,对每种补货策略都分为不考虑转运和考虑转运两种情形进行分析。通过对血液中心和医院的库存管理研究,分别构建了满足需求决策模型、转运决策模型、补货决策模型和库存更新模型等。然后,构建了供应链的分散和集中优化控制模型,优化的目标是在满足一定服务水平的前提下最小化血液供应链的总过期率。紧接着,针对所构建的数学模型,设计了仿真优化的整体框架和启发式仿真优化算法,选取血小板为例,开展了仿真优化实验,研究了补货策略、转运因素和控制策略组成的12种组合方式下血液供应链的绩效情况。之后,利用仿真优化结果,又对血液供应链运作进行了长周期的模拟,得到12种组合方式下的360组样本数据。最后,利用统计学软件对样本数据进行方差分析和置信区间统计,在进行相关分析的基础上提出了指导性的管理建议。通过分析研究,本文得出以下结论:(1)在满足一定服务水平的条件下,补货策略、转运因素和控制策略都会显著地影响血液供应链的总过期率,其影响程度为控制策略转运因素补货策略;(2)对血液供应链绩效而言,集中化控制的决策方式优于分散化决策,医院之间达成转运合作要优于不考虑转运,OIR补货策略要优于Order-up-to和SOIR补货。因此,实际运作过程中,应从供应链的角度对血液库存管理进行集中决策,医院之间血液最好能相互转运,建议血液中心在做生产决策时考虑血库中血液的库龄结构。
[Abstract]:At present, countries all over the world pay more and more attention to their medical and health systems.Blood, as a necessary part of medical treatment and health, has the characteristics of short life cycle of traditional perishable products, and also faces the high uncertainty of supply and demand.Whether the clinical requirement of blood can be satisfied or not is related to the life safety of the patient, and the expired blood will lead to waste, which brings a severe challenge to the blood supply chain management.The data show that the blood expired is very serious, so it is very important to strengthen and improve the management of hospital blood stock.In addition, as a perishable product with very short shelf life, the difference of storage age structure will have a great impact on inventory management.However, there are few researches on inventory management based on serious blood expiration and pay attention to the age structure of blood bank, and there is hardly any research on optimizing inventory by transshipment among hospitals.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the inventory strategy of blood supply chain from the perspective of transport and the age structure of blood bank.Based on the existing research, the blood supply chain consisting of a blood center and two hospitals is studied.In this paper, we study three restocking strategies: order-up-to (the old inventory ratio) (the whole supply chain (blood center and hospital) is based on the old inventory ratio).Each restocking strategy is divided into two cases: non-transshipment and transhipment.Through the research on the inventory management of blood center and hospital, the decision model of meeting demand, the decision model of transshipment, the decision model of restocking and the model of inventory updating are constructed respectively.Then, the decentralized and centralized optimal control model of the supply chain is constructed. The objective of the optimization is to minimize the total expiration rate of the blood supply chain on the premise of satisfying a certain level of service.Then, according to the mathematical model, the whole framework of simulation optimization and heuristic simulation optimization algorithm are designed, the platelets are selected as an example, the simulation optimization experiment is carried out, and the replenishment strategy is studied.Performance of blood supply chain under 12 combinations of transport factors and control strategies.After that, the operation of blood supply chain is simulated in a long period by using the result of simulation optimization, and 360 sets of sample data are obtained under 12 combinations.Finally, the variance analysis and confidence interval statistics of the sample data are carried out by using statistical software, and the guiding management suggestions are put forward on the basis of the correlation analysis.Through analysis and research, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) under the condition of satisfying certain service level, replenishment strategy, transshipment factor and control strategy will significantly affect the total expiration rate of blood supply chain.The degree of influence is that the centralized control strategy is superior to the decentralized decision for the performance of the blood supply chain.The cooperation between hospitals should be better than that of Order-up-to and SOIR.Therefore, in the actual operation process, the centralized decision should be made on the blood inventory management from the point of view of supply chain, and the blood can be transferred from hospital to hospital. It is suggested that the blood center should consider the age structure of the blood bank when making the production decision.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.6

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