黑龙江省企业技术创新能力研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 13:01

本文选题：技术创新能力 + DEA-Tobit两步法　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：作为东北老工业基地，黑龙江省传统领域的企业状况日渐衰落，竞争能力与沿海地区相比已经落后，制造业在经历早期的辉煌后已呈现衰落状态。究其根源，，制造业企业创新能力不足是重要根源之一。研究黑龙江省企业技术创新能力不足的原因，探讨提升黑龙江省企业技术创新能力提升路径具有重要的理论和现实意义。针对黑龙江省26家大型制造业企业的调研结果，论文分析了目标样本的基本情况，对黑龙江省内制造业企业中的行业构成、人力资源和研发组织进行了初步的分析。对于经营者来讲，创新精神是最具有代表性的企业家精神，另外，企业技术创新作为企业的核心竞争力具有不可替代的作用。研究发现，黑龙江省制造企业对于创新活动的重要性认识还显得不太充分，在企业技术创新各个环节上也有许多有待改进的地方，其中重要的表现包括创新方式和创新观念略显陈旧、技术创新物质资本投入稍显不足、创业型人才难以满足企业创新需要。在此基础上，论文在DEA-Tobit两步法的框架下进一步对黑龙江省企业技术创新能力进行了评价，并分析了其影响因素。根据评价的结果得出了大部分企业技术创新效率趋同，但存在两级分化的情况；企业的技术创新效率体现出了较强的规模收益递增特性；企业技术创新效率与获利能力体现出了较强的正相关性；技术创新效率的行业间差异显著；企业的产权类型对技术创新能力有显著影响等结论。而影响因素分析的结果则显示：企业规模与技术创新效率并无直接联系；人力资源状况改善对技术创新效率有显著的正向影响；协作创新对技术创新效率有显著促进作用的影响；科研资源配备显现边际收益递减的趋势等结论。与对大型企业采取大规模调研的处理方式不同，本文对中小企业的技术创新能力采用案例分析方法进行研究。通过对森鹰集团的分析发现，企业自我完善的学习过程与竞争优势的培育过程不是一个线性的知识积累过程。从战略层面看，企业家精神是组织文化之魂，组织文化是企业战略决策的动因；从组织层面上看，动态组织能力是企业独特的核心竞争力，通过提炼隐性知识和组织惯例，打造动态组织能力；从操作层面上看，通过凝结互补资产，构建产业战略同盟，整合供应链。根据计量经济和案例分析结果，论文认为要想达到提升黑龙江省企业技术创新能力的目标，政府对企业自主创新活动的政策支持不应以企业规模为标准，而应以提高企业人力资源素质为核心目标,以完善“政府-企业-高校”创新网络为核心手段，通过协同创新来实现。论文从知识共享、协同创新的角度提出了黑龙江省企业技术创新能力的提升策略。
[Abstract]:As an old industrial base in Northeast China, the situation of enterprises in traditional fields of Heilongjiang Province is declining day by day, the competitive power is already backward compared with the coastal areas, and the manufacturing industry has shown a decline state after experiencing the early glory.Investigate its root, manufacturing enterprise innovation ability insufficiency is one of important root.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the reasons for the insufficiency of the technological innovation ability of enterprises in Heilongjiang Province and to explore the ways to enhance the technological innovation ability of enterprises in Heilongjiang Province.Based on the investigation results of 26 large manufacturing enterprises in Heilongjiang Province, the paper analyzes the basic situation of the target samples, and makes a preliminary analysis of the industry composition, human resources and R & D organization of the manufacturing enterprises in Heilongjiang Province.For managers, the spirit of innovation is the most representative entrepreneurship, in addition, technological innovation as the core competitiveness of enterprises has an irreplaceable role.The study found that the importance of innovation activities in Heilongjiang manufacturing enterprises is still not fully understood, and there are many areas to be improved in all aspects of enterprise technological innovation.Among them the important performance includes the innovation way and the innovation idea is slightly outmoded, the technology innovation material capital investment is slightly insufficient, the entrepreneurial talent is difficult to satisfy the enterprise innovation need.On this basis, the paper further evaluates the technological innovation ability of Heilongjiang enterprises under the framework of DEA-Tobit two-step method, and analyzes its influencing factors.According to the results of evaluation, it is concluded that most enterprises' technological innovation efficiency converges, but there are two levels of differentiation.There is a strong positive correlation between technological innovation efficiency and profitability; there are significant industry differences in technological innovation efficiency; and the types of property rights of enterprises have a significant impact on technological innovation ability.The results of factor analysis show that there is no direct relationship between enterprise size and technological innovation efficiency, and the improvement of human resource situation has a significant positive impact on technological innovation efficiency.Collaborative innovation has a significant impact on the efficiency of technological innovation, and scientific research resources are equipped with the trend of diminishing marginal returns, and so on.Different from large-scale research, this paper studies the technological innovation ability of small and medium-sized enterprises by case study.Through the analysis of Senying Group, it is found that the process of self-perfection and the cultivation of competitive advantage is not a linear process of knowledge accumulation.From the strategic point of view, entrepreneurship is the soul of organizational culture, and organizational culture is the motivation of strategic decision-making. From the organizational level, dynamic organizational ability is the unique core competitiveness of enterprises, and through refining tacit knowledge and organizational practices,Build dynamic organization ability; from the operational level, through the condensation of complementary assets, build industry strategic alliance, integrate supply chain.According to the results of econometrics and case analysis, the paper thinks that in order to achieve the goal of enhancing the technological innovation ability of enterprises in Heilongjiang Province, the government's policy support for independent innovation activities should not be based on the scale of enterprises.The core goal should be to improve the quality of human resources of enterprises, and the core means should be to perfect the innovation network of "government, enterprise and university" and realize it through collaborative innovation.From the angle of knowledge sharing and collaborative innovation, the paper puts forward the strategy of enhancing the technological innovation ability of Heilongjiang enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F279.27

【参考文献】