风险成本视角下生猪可追溯系统采用的激励相容机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 14:34

本文选题：可追溯系统 + 风险成本　；参考：《华中农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,各类食品安全事件频发不断,不仅严重危害到消费者的健康安全,而且极大地影响到相关产业发展、生态环境安全以及政府公信力。可追溯系统作为改善食品供应链质量安全控制的一种系统管理技术,它在食用农产品的实施应用在世界范围内被高度重视。为构建我国食品安全的长效监管机制,政府以典型示范方式推广可追溯系统,然而效果不尽如人意,可追溯系统应用进程缓慢,安全问题仍难以追溯。为加速可追溯系统应用进程,有必要构建诱导企业采用可追溯系统的激励相容机制。本文以生猪养殖场(户)采用可追溯系统为例,探讨风险成本诱导可追溯系统应用的激励相容机制失灵的诱因问题。论文首先从厂商、技术、消费者、法律规制等方面检视了影响我国可追溯系统广泛应用进程缓慢的限制性因素,揭示从风险成本角度探究系统采用的现实必要性；然后分析了厂商参与可追溯系统的“参与约束”与“激励相容约束”条件,从理论上论证风险成本是诱导厂商采用可追溯系统的负向激励机制；最后实证分析了生猪养殖场(户)参与并认真执行生猪可追溯系统的意愿及其影响因素。本研究得到的结论是：结论一,我国养殖场(户)面临的风险成本太低是滞缓我国生猪可追溯系统广泛应用的关键因素。我国现有的法律规制,还是我国的市场环境,对违规企业的惩罚力度不足,导致负向激励对食品可追溯系统采用决策的缺乏影响。结论二,养殖场(户)采用生猪可追溯系统的决策取决于“参与约束”,其认真执行该系统的决策取决于“激励相容约束”。而养殖场(户)采用生猪可追溯系统所需面临的溢价收益最小值与风险成本最小值是拉格朗日函数条件下养殖场(户)参与该系统的风险成本与溢价收益的最优值。结论三,我国现阶段养殖场(户)选择参与生猪可追溯系统的比例虽然较高,但是其参与意愿不强,导致其具体执行生猪可追溯系统的情况较差,致使生猪可追溯系统成为空壳。结论四,“生猪可追溯系统对生猪销售的促进作用”与“政府对《生猪养殖档案》的检查频率”这2个解释变量对养殖场(户)参与并认真执行生猪可追溯系统有显著性影响,而其他解释变量的影响程度不显著。本研究以经济学理论与管理学理论为基础,对生猪可追溯系统采用机制进行理论与实证的分析,对丰富食品可追溯系统理论与实践指导具有重要的理论与现实意义。第一,理论意义。本研究引入风险成本作为关键因素,在理论上揭示风险成本与生猪可追溯系统采用机制之间的关系,丰富食品可追溯系统应用的激励相容机制研究。第二,现实意义。本文通过实地调查,从实践上有助于更全面、准确地认识食品可追溯系统应用的条件,对负向激励缺失与食品安全问题频发之间的关系有更深的理解,明确建立以加大风险成本作为食品安全基本治理理念与治理机制的必要性,便于国家更好地把握食品可追溯系统应用的发展进程,为食品安全环境条件建设提供客观的依据。
[Abstract]:In recent years , the frequent occurrence of various kinds of food security incidents has not only seriously jeopardized the health and safety of consumers , but also greatly affected the development of related industries , ecological environment security and government credibility . As a system management technique for improving the quality safety control of food supply chain , the traceability system is widely regarded as a system management technology for improving the quality of food supply chain .

This paper studies the incentive compatibility mechanism failure caused by risk cost - induced traceability system by using the traceability system as an example . Firstly , the author examined the restrictive factors that affect the wide application of the traceability system in China from the aspects of manufacturer , technology , consumers , legal regulation and so on , and reveal the realistic necessity of exploring the system from the perspective of risk cost .
Then the author analyzes the " participation restriction " and " incentive compatibility constraint " condition of the manufacturer ' s participation in the traceability system , and proves that the risk cost is the negative incentive mechanism of the manufacturer to adopt the traceability system ;
Finally , the author analyzed the willingness of pig breeding farm ( family ) to participate in and seriously implement pig traceability system and its influencing factors .

Conclusion : 1 . The risk cost of breeding farms in China is too low to be the key factor for the wide application of pig traceability system in China . The conclusion is that the decision - making of pig traceability system depends on " incentive compatibility constraint " .

This study is based on the theory of economics and management theory , and it has important theoretical and practical significance for enriching the theory and practice of food traceability system .

【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F322;F326.3

【参考文献】