碳限额与交易机制下供应链优化与协调激励机制

发布时间：2018-04-28 09:16

本文选题：碳排放 + 碳限额与交易　；参考：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：碳限额与交易机制是一种利用市场手段来控制碳排放量的有力措施，受到了世界各国的高度关注，并认为是最有效的市场机制之一。欧盟碳排放交易体系（EU ETS）是目前影响最为广泛的碳排放权交易机制。本文主要围绕碳限额与交易机制下供应链运作优化与协调分三部分展开研究。首先，考虑由供应商和采购商构成的两级供应链系统，建立了碳限额与交易机制下的供应链联合经济批量（JELS）模型，求解出了最优生产批量和最优订购批量。通过与传统的联合经济批量模型比较，论证了碳限额与交易机制的有效性，，解析和数值算例分析了碳限额与交易机制下碳价和碳限额等因素对供应链决策、碳排放总量和总成本的影响，得到了一些碳限额与交易机制下供应链运作管理的新见解。其次，研究了碳限额与交易机制下两级供应链分散决策时的协调问题，得到了在采购商与供应商不能单独参与碳交易市场的情形下，对供应链成员仅采用严格碳限额并不能成为有效的协调机制而利用内部碳价可以有效的协调供应链；在采购商与供应商各自参与碳交易市场的情形下，供应链管理者无法直接用碳限额来激励内部成员而制定补贴契约能够有效协调供应链成员采取联合决策并数学表达出了有效的补贴契约以及契约制定方的收益范围。最后，构建了碳限额与交易机制下多级供应链模型，针对能够对供应链成员分配有价碳配额的情形，得出了碳配额分配有“打破碳预算平衡是实现系统最优的必要条件”的结论，推演出了该情形下供应链系统达到最优的充分必要条件，并得到了简单线性的碳限额分配机制来保证供应链达到整体最优；针对不能够对成员分配有价碳配额的情形，得到了可以仅通过依据供应链碳排放量来制定有效的补贴契约来协调供应链。
[Abstract]:Carbon quota and trading mechanism is a powerful measure to control carbon emissions by means of market, which has been highly concerned by countries all over the world and is considered to be one of the most effective market mechanisms. EU ETS is the most influential carbon trading mechanism. This paper focuses on the optimization and coordination of supply chain operation under carbon cap-and-trade mechanism. Firstly, considering the two-level supply chain system composed of suppliers and purchasers, the JELS model of the supply chain under the carbon quota and transaction mechanism is established, and the optimal production lot and the optimal order batch are obtained. By comparing with the traditional joint economic batch model, the validity of carbon quota and trading mechanism is demonstrated. The carbon price and carbon quota under carbon quota and trading mechanism are analyzed and analyzed by numerical examples to the decision making of supply chain. Some new ideas on supply chain operation management under carbon quota and trading mechanism have been obtained because of the influence of total carbon emission and total cost. Secondly, the coordination problem of two-level supply chain decentralized decision under carbon quota and trading mechanism is studied, and it is obtained that buyers and suppliers cannot participate in carbon trading market alone. The use of strict carbon limits for supply chain members is not an effective coordination mechanism, but can be effectively coordinated by using internal carbon prices; in the case of buyers and suppliers participating in the carbon trading market, Supply chain managers can not directly use carbon quota to motivate the internal members, and the establishment of subsidy contracts can effectively coordinate the supply chain members to take joint decisions and mathematically express the effective subsidy contracts and the benefit range of contract makers. Finally, a multi-level supply chain model under carbon quota and trading mechanism is constructed, which can allocate valuable carbon quota to supply chain members. The conclusion of carbon quota allocation is that "breaking the balance of carbon budget is the necessary condition to realize the optimal system", and the sufficient and necessary conditions for the supply chain system to reach the optimum in this case are deduced. And get a simple linear carbon quota allocation mechanism to ensure the supply chain to achieve the overall optimal. The supply chain can be coordinated by establishing an effective subsidy contract based on the carbon emissions of the supply chain.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F205

【共引文献】