H公司印刷线路板中国本土化采购战略研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 01:17

本文选题：本土化战略 + 印刷线路板　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化竞争态势的日益激烈，于国内投资的各个跨国公司，，在中国积极实施各种形式的本土化战略。本土化战略不但可以很好的提升各跨国公司的核心竞争力，也可以很好的满足中国当地政府的一些要求，以便于双方建立和谐、合作的友好关系。各跨国公司得益于积极的本土化战略成功实施，使得跨国公司能够很好的利用中国的技术、资金、人力资源、原材料等各项资源。跨国公司在其强大的规模化优势的基础上，通过在全球范围内对各类资源进行合理优化配置整合，就有很大的机会实现其利润最大化的经营目标。跨国公司在中国的本土化战略无疑是其全球化整体战略的重要组成部分，随着中国在国际上的经济地位的不断提升，跨国公司的中国本土化战略将扮演越来越重要的角色。本土化采购战略也是跨国公司全球化整体战略的子战略之一。关于战略采购。如果一个公司在供应链方面想体现其竞争优势，那么战略采购就是其基础，没有战略采购就不会有供应链的竞争优势。大体上讲，以下各方面都可以认为是战略采购的内容：[1] 1.供应商数量的合理化，减少供应商数量，以整合采购金额。更集中的采购金额易于得到更低的采购成本和定制化的优质服务； 2.全球采购战略； 3.低成本区域或低成本国家采购，充分利用低成本区域/国家的低劳动力成本及各类资源成本； 4.电子商务的广泛应用以及网络采购； 5.部件标准化，简化规格，可以显著减少元件的总体数量，从而增加每个元件的采购金额，提高谈判的力度。并且易于管理，降低采购总成本等等。印刷线路板是所有电子、电气类产品里面必须采用的基础电子器件。所有的电子元器件都是贴装在印刷线路板上面的。对于生产电子、电气类相关产品的公司来讲，印刷线路板是其采购的重要原材料，金额巨大，通常约占其所有采购直接物料的7%左右。就全球的印刷线路板产业来讲，超过50%的印刷线路板产业在中国（含台湾，香港）。对于印刷线路板采购战略的制定是否成功，很大的影响了这类公司整个供应链的有效性与竞争优势。为制定成功的全球印刷线路板采购战略就必须透彻研究中国印刷线路板厂商，以及印刷线路板的中国采购战略。 Rogers, Stephen C[2]认为，采购战略就像公司战略规划一样，并且为了采购战略而做的战略工具或模型最终都会归结于供应/供应商战略。采购战略的目标就是为了得到竞争优势，最终帮助公司在市场上得到胜利。本论文以H公司（霍尼韦尔）为背景，运用PEST模型、五力模型和内、外部因素评价矩阵、战略管理以及供应链相关理论等工具对本企业的印刷线路板供应链进行分析，找出印刷线路板采购战略的关键因素，分析目前存在的问题，进而提出中国本土化采购战略的解决方案，并切实执行，评估其采购战略的绩效。总而言之，本论文主要研究H公司的印刷线路板中国本地化采购战略。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly fierce global competition, various multinational corporations in China have actively implemented various forms of localization strategy in China. The localization strategy can not only improve the core competitiveness of the multinational companies, but also meet the requirements of the local government in China so as to facilitate the establishment of harmony and harmony between the two parties. MNCs have benefited from the successful implementation of a positive localization strategy, enabling MNCs to make good use of China's technology, capital, human resources, raw materials and other resources. On the basis of its strong scale, transnational corporations optimize the allocation of various resources in a reasonable way around the world. Integration will have a great chance to achieve the goal of maximizing profits.
The localization strategy of MNCs in China is undoubtedly an important part of its global strategy. With the continuous promotion of China's international economic status, the localization strategy of MNCs will play a more and more important role. The localization procurement strategy is also one of the sub strategies of the global strategy of the globalization of cross country companies.
Strategic procurement. If a company wants to embody its competitive advantage in the supply chain, then strategic procurement is the basis. Without strategic procurement, there will be no competitive advantage in the supply chain. In general, the following aspects can be considered as the content of strategic procurement: [1]
1. rationalization of the number of suppliers, reducing the number of suppliers to integrate the purchase amount. The more centralized purchase amount is easy to get lower procurement costs and customized quality services.
2. global sourcing strategy;
3. procurement in low cost or low cost countries, making full use of low labor costs and resource costs of low cost regions / countries;
4. the wide application of e-commerce and network procurement;
The 5. components are standardized and simplified, which can significantly reduce the total number of components, increase the purchase amount of each component, improve the strength of the negotiations, and easily manage, reduce the total cost of procurement and so on.
Printed circuit boards are the basic electronic devices that must be used in all electronic and electrical products. All electronic components are attached to printed circuit boards. For companies producing electronics and electrical related products, printed circuit boards are important raw materials for their procurement. The amount is large and usually accounts for all procurement directly. About 7% of the material.
As far as the global printed circuit board industry is concerned, more than 50% of the printed circuit board industry is in China (including Taiwan, Hongkong). The success of the purchase strategy of printed circuit board has greatly affected the effectiveness and competitive advantage of the whole supply chain of these companies. China's printed circuit board manufacturers, as well as printed circuit board's China procurement strategy.
Rogers, Stephen C[2] believes that purchasing strategy is the same as corporate strategic planning, and the strategic tools or models for purchasing strategies are ultimately attributed to supply / supplier strategies. The goal of the procurement strategy is to gain competitive advantage and ultimately help the company win the market.
Based on the background of H company (Honeywell), this paper uses PEST model, five force model and internal, external factor evaluation matrix, strategic management and supply chain related theories to analyze the supply chain of printed circuit board in this enterprise, find out the key factors of printed circuit board procurement strategy, analyze the existing problems, and then put forward China Localization procurement strategy solution, and earnestly implement, evaluate the performance of its procurement strategy.
In a word, this paper mainly studies the localization strategy of H printed circuit board in China.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F426.63

【共引文献】