基于期权契约的资金约束供应链协调研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 07:54

本文选题：资金约束 + 期权契约　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,顾客需求开始向多样化和个性化发展,季节性商品在消费市场中的占比重越来越高,由于季节性商品订购提前期长、销售周期短、需求不确定性较大的商品特性,生产销售该类商品的供应链在运营管理中存在较大的风险。因此,如何缓解需求不确定性的影响,降低决策风险,成为企业亟须解决的难题。此外,供应链各成员企业仅考虑自身收益最大化的情况下,不可避免地导致供应链整体收益受损,产生"双重边际效应"。然而,现有基于期权契约的供应链协调研究鲜有考虑供应商的期权违约行为以及零售商的促销行为。因此,本文在需求随机且商品价格受需求影响的情形下,以单个供应商和单个具有资金约束的零售商组成的两级供应链为研究对象,通过引入期权契约,研究资金约束供应链的协调问题。在此基础上,分析零售商销售努力对供应链协调的影响。在允许供应商期权违约的情况下,构建各决策主体的决策模型,通过深入分析供应链双方的最优决策,得到了供应链协调时期权契约的详细设计规则,包括期权契约参数的取值范围以及相关价格参数之间的线性关系,探讨了融资利率的合理取值区间。最后,通过数值模拟,分析契约参数对供应链双方最优决策及期望收益的影响。研究表明,当零售商不采取销售努力时,允许信用违约的期权契约可以协调具有资金约束的供应链并实现供应链成员间的利润分配;当零售商采取销售努力时,单纯的允许信用违约的期权契约无法实现供应链协调,但引入成本分担机制后可以实现供应链协调。
[Abstract]:In recent years, customer demand has started to develop towards diversification and individuation. Seasonal commodities account for more and more in the consumer market. Because of the commodity characteristics of long lead time, short sales cycle and uncertain demand, the seasonal goods have long lead time, short sales cycle, and high demand uncertainty. The supply chain producing and selling this kind of goods has great risks in operation and management. Therefore, how to mitigate the impact of demand uncertainty and reduce the risk of decision-making has become an urgent problem for enterprises. In addition, each member enterprise of the supply chain only considers its own profit maximization, which inevitably leads to the loss of the whole profit of the supply chain and the "double marginal effect". However, the existing research on supply chain coordination based on option contract seldom considers the options default behavior of suppliers and the promotion behavior of retailers. Therefore, under the condition that demand is random and commodity price is affected by demand, this paper takes a two-level supply chain composed of a single supplier and a single retailer with financial constraints as the research object, through the introduction of option contract. This paper studies the coordination of supply chain with financial constraints. On this basis, the impact of retailer sales efforts on supply chain coordination is analyzed. In the case of allowing supplier options to default, the decision model of each decision body is constructed, and the detailed design rules of option contract in supply chain coordination are obtained through in-depth analysis of the optimal decision of both parties in the supply chain. It includes the range of option contract parameters and the linear relationship between relevant price parameters, and discusses the reasonable value range of financing interest rate. Finally, through numerical simulation, the influence of contract parameters on the optimal decision and expected return of both parties in supply chain is analyzed. Studies show that options contracts that allow credit default can coordinate the supply chain with financial constraints and achieve profit distribution among supply chain members when retailers do not make sales efforts; Simply allowing credit default option contract can not achieve supply chain coordination, but the introduction of cost sharing mechanism can achieve supply chain coordination.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274

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