基于促销和顾客退货两种情形下的资金约束供应链研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 23:54

本文选题：资金约束 + 销售努力　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统供应链管理的研究假设供应链资金充足,供应链中的各企业可以运用自有资金实现自身的最优决策。然而随着经济的高速发展,企业竞争加剧,各企业由此面临的资金压力与日俱增,资金短缺现象时有发生。基于这一现状,考虑资金流对于供应链运作管理的影响逐渐成为学者们关注的热点,关于资金约束供应链的研究应运而生。在资金约束供应链的研究中,学者们拓展了传统供应链管理领域,提出了一些资金约束影响下的供应链决策模型。观察这些模型,发现市场需求作为模型中的重要参数,不同的产品市场需求将直接影响着供应链的最终决策。时代的进步,特别是进入新世纪以来互联网的普及,为提升企业市场占有率,进行促销活动和允许顾客退货已经成为常见的商业现象。企业通过销售努力和顾客退货不同方式来影响产品市场需求的实现,但与此同时企业也会承担由销售努力和顾客退货所产生的处理成本。基于此,本文在前人研究的基础上将促销和顾客退货这两种不同的情形分别引入到资金约束供应链系统中,探讨销售努力和顾客退货对于供应链决策的影响。本文根据研究内容的不同,主要分为以下两个部分:第一部分是存在销售努力下资金约束供应链的运作和优化研究,主要为本文的第三章。文中研究了由一个供应商和一个资金约束零售商组成的供应链系统,进一步考虑了资金约束零售商进行促销活动时,零售商的联合运营和融资决策问题,并对零售商的资金如何在库存采购和促销活动间分配进行了研究。针对零售商有无外部融资机会两种情形,分别求得零售商的最优决策,并进一步探讨了供应商批发价、银行融资利率、初始资本水平对于零售商决策及其资金分配策略的影响。结果表明,零售商的资金分配策略显著地受其初始资本水平的影响。当零售商无外部融资机会时,若其初始资本较高,则零售商同时进行采购和促销活动,但是随着初始资本的减少,零售商将选择只进行采购活动。此外,当资金约束零售商选择外部融资时,其资金在采购和促销之间的分配比例将随着初始资本的增加而递减。第二部分是考虑了存在顾客退货下资金约束供应链的生产运作和协调研究,主要为本文的第四章。与第三章的研究对象相同,这一部分也主要是针对由单一供应商和单一资金约束零售商组成的供应链系统进行研究,同时进一步考虑顾客退货的影响。顾客退货一直是供应链中各参与方所需面临的严峻问题,对于需要同时承担融资困境和顾客退货双重压力的资金约束的零售商而言更为如此。然而,针对顾客退货这一普遍现象,如何改善资金约束供应链的运作仍然是一个亟待解决的问题。基于这一问题,本文提出了供应商补贴合同,集贸易信贷、退货补贴和顾客退货策略于一个模型框架之中,探讨顾客退货对于供应商和零售商决策的影响。研究表明,供应商退货补贴可以使整个供应链链条获益,甚至可以协调供应链。与传统的供应链管理研究不同,本文的研究工作考虑了资金流对于供应链运作管理的影响,同时进一步把资金约束供应链与销售努力和顾客退货分别结合在一起。综上所述,一方面本文的研究丰富和完善了传统的供应链管理理论研究,具有重要的理论价值;另一方面文中所涉及的两部分研究均与现实紧密相连,所得结论有助于指导实践。
[Abstract]:The research of traditional supply chain management assumes that the supply chain is full of funds and the enterprises in the supply chain can use their own funds to realize their own optimal decision. However, with the rapid development of the economy, the competition of enterprises is intensifying, the capital pressure of each enterprise is increasing, and the short shortage of funds occurs. Based on this situation, considering the capital The influence of flow on the management of supply chain has gradually become a hot spot of attention of scholars. Research on capital constrained supply chain has emerged. In the research of capital constrained supply chain, scholars have expanded the traditional supply chain management field and put forward some model of Supply Chain Decision under the influence of capital constraints. As an important parameter in the model, the demand of the field will directly affect the final decision of the supply chain. The progress of the times, especially the popularity of the Internet since the new century, has become a common commercial phenomenon for promoting the market share of the enterprise, promoting the promotion activities and allowing the customer to return the goods. Efforts and customer returns are different ways to affect the realization of product market demand, but at the same time, enterprises will also bear the cost of processing from sales efforts and customer returns. Based on this, this paper introduces two different situations, promotion and customer return, on the basis of predecessors' research, into the fund constrained supply chain system. The effects of sales efforts and customer returns on supply chain decision-making are discussed. This paper is divided into two parts according to the different content of the study. The first part is the operation and optimization of the capital constrained supply chain under the sales effort, mainly in the third chapter of this article. The supply chain system is made up to further consider the problem of the retailer's joint operation and financing decision when the retailer carries out the promotion activities, and studies how the retailer's funds are allocated between the inventory purchase and the promotion activities. The retailer is optimal for the retailer with or without external financing opportunities in two cases. The effect of supplier wholesale price, bank financing interest rate and initial capital level on Retailer decision-making and capital allocation strategy is further explored. The results show that the retailer's capital allocation strategy is significantly affected by its initial capital level. When the retailer has no external financing opportunities, the retailer has higher initial capital, then the retailer is the retailer. At the same time, procurement and promotion activities are carried out, but with the reduction of initial capital, retailers will choose only purchase activities. In addition, when the fund constrained retailers choose external financing, the proportion of their funds between the purchase and promotion will be reduced with the increase of the initial capital. The second part is the consideration of the existence of the submission of the customer's return. The research on the production operation and coordination of the gold constrained supply chain is mainly the fourth chapter of this article. It is the same as the research object in the third chapter. This part is mainly aimed at the research on the supply chain system composed of single supplier and single fund constrained retailer, while considering the effect of customer return. The customer return is always the supply chain. However, how to improve the operation of the capital constrained supply chain is still a problem to be solved. Based on this problem, this is a problem to be solved. This paper proposes a supplier subsidy contract, which combines trade credit, return subsidy and customer return strategy in a model framework to explore the effect of customer return on the decision of suppliers and retailers. The research shows that the supplier's return subsidy can benefit the whole chain chain, and can even coordinate the supply chain. In this paper, the research work considers the influence of capital flow on the management of supply chain operation. At the same time, it combines the supply chain with the sales effort and the customer's return. On the one hand, the research enriches and perfects the traditional theory of supply chain management, which has important theoretical value. On the other hand, the two parts of the study are closely related to reality, and the conclusions are helpful for guiding practice.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274

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