顾客需求转移与库存转运下双渠道供应链库存策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 00:44

本文选题：双渠道 + 库存策略　；参考：《东华大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着信息技术的迅速发展,基于互联网的电子商务日益受到重视,越来越多的企业开始通过传统零售和网络直销两种渠道向消费者出售商品,两个渠道既有竞争也有合作。特别地,当某一渠道缺货时,顾客可能会选择其他渠道购买产品,即产生顾客需求转移竞争行为,导致客户群不稳定。双渠道供应链除了存在顾客需求转移等竞争行为,成员之间往往也有合作行为,如通过库存合作转运来降低双渠道供应链的库存水平,但库存合作转运是如何降低库存水平的,这些也是双渠道供应链库存控制需要解决的问题。因此,本文基于双渠道某一渠道发生缺货,考虑顾客需求转移与库存合作转运,通过马尔科夫链理论和优化理论研究集中式与分散式两种决策模式下双渠道供应链库存策略。首先,本文建立双渠道基本库存策略模型,对比分析两种决策模式下最优库存策略,得到两种决策模式下网络商店与零售商店的最优基本库存水平均相等的结论,并通过MATLAB算例仿真探讨网络渠道偏好率、需求率、补货率、库存持有成本、销售损失成本参数对库存策略的影响,得到双渠道供应链可以通过调整某些参数来协调系统的库存水平,从而提高利润。其次,在基本库存策略的基础上,考虑顾客需求转移,建立该情形下双渠道库存策略模型。研究表明网络商店与零售商店的最优基本库存水平均很少受到顾客转移率的影响,但顾客需求转移下的利润要高于基本库存策略下的利润,即顾客需求转移情形优于基本库存策略情形。并通过分析顾客需求转移下上述参数对库存策略的影响,得到顾客需求转移可使相应参数绩效更优的结论。再次,在顾客需求转移的基础上,同时考虑库存合作转运,建立该情形下双渠道供应链最优库存策略模型。结果表明库存转运下供应链系统的库存小于仅考虑顾客需求转移情形的库存,且通过库存转运提高了供应链利润,即库存合作转运情形优于仅考虑顾客需求转移情形。同理,通过分析库存合作转运下上述参数对库存策略的影响,得到库存合作转运可使相应参数绩效更优的结论。最后对研究内容进行了总结与评价,并提出了进一步的研究方向。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, E-commerce based on Internet has been paid more and more attention. More and more enterprises begin to sell goods to consumers through traditional retail and network direct selling channels. The two channels have both competition and cooperation. In particular, when one channel is out of stock, customers may choose other channels to buy products, that is, customer demand transfer competition behavior, resulting in customer group instability. Besides the competitive behavior such as customer demand transfer, there are also cooperative behaviors among members in the dual-channel supply chain, such as reducing the inventory level of the dual-channel supply chain through inventory cooperative transfer, but how to reduce the inventory level of inventory cooperative trans-shipment. These are also two-channel supply chain inventory control needs to be solved. Therefore, based on the shortage of one channel in two channels, considering the transfer of customer demand and cooperative transfer of inventory, this paper studies the inventory strategy of dual channel supply chain under the two decision modes of centralized and decentralized through Markov chain theory and optimization theory. First of all, this paper establishes a dual-channel basic inventory strategy model, compares and analyzes the optimal inventory strategy under two decision-making modes, and obtains the conclusion that the optimal basic inventory level of online store and retail store is equal under the two decision-making modes. The influence of network channel preference rate, demand rate, replenishment rate, inventory holding cost and sales loss cost parameters on inventory strategy is discussed by MATLAB simulation. The double channel supply chain can coordinate the inventory level of the system by adjusting some parameters, thus increasing the profit. Secondly, on the basis of the basic inventory strategy, considering the customer demand shift, the dual-channel inventory strategy model is established. The research shows that the optimal basic inventory level of both online and retail stores is rarely affected by the customer transfer rate, but the profit under the customer demand shift is higher than the profit under the basic inventory strategy. That is, customer demand transfer is superior to basic inventory strategy. By analyzing the influence of the above parameters on inventory strategy under the customer demand transfer, the conclusion that the customer demand transfer can make the performance of the corresponding parameters better. Thirdly, on the basis of customer demand transfer, considering inventory cooperative transshipment, the optimal inventory strategy model of two-channel supply chain is established. The results show that the inventory of the supply chain system under inventory transfer is smaller than that of only considering customer demand transfer, and the profit of supply chain is improved by inventory transfer, that is, the case of cooperative transfer of inventory is better than that of only considering the transfer of customer demand. In the same way, by analyzing the influence of the above parameters on inventory strategy under inventory cooperative transfer, the conclusion that inventory cooperative transfer can improve the performance of the corresponding parameters is obtained. Finally, the research contents are summarized and evaluated, and further research directions are proposed.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F713.36

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