A企业低成本国家采购的策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 04:41

本文选题：采购渠道 + 供应链管理　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球经济一体化的今天,制造业的成本和利润是越来越透明化。企业的销售渠道对于目标市场,最终用户也是越来越公开化。现在轨道机车制造行业有些项目的名称也都直接用最终客户名称或用途直接命名,如“广州地铁3号线维修车”,“Zefiro380"(时速380公里的高速列车)。与此相关的前期的合同招标、投标,图纸设计,项目采购(包括原材料及设备采购),产品和设备的维修维护计划等等的实施都是以此作为整体项目名称。所以,现在企业之间的竞争实际上已变成供应链之间的竞争。供应链管理已成为企业培育核心竞争力、增强竞争优势、适应全球经济一体化市场的重要组成部分。而当前的商业环境,在全球经济一体化的背景下,供应链的成本控制和优化组合就变得尤为重要。良好合理的供应链运转能对客户的需求具有快反应能力,并能尽最大可能地控制成本,可以帮助企业实现提升市场竞争力的目的。对于某些企业来说,即要满足客户不断高涨的期望并能合理控制各个环节的运转成本是有相当难度的,而那些能够适时适地为客户提供满意的产品和服务的企业则具备了竞争优势,就能在竞争激烈的国际市场上占有一席之地,并会随着供应链成本管理的提升,占有的市场份额也将随着扩大。本文从低成本国家采购的基本理论开始,阐述跨国公司在“最优成本”市场的采购项目管理方式。以A公司在低成本国家的采购管理现状和主要的问题分析为研究对象,通过跨国公司的对于所采购产品的通用标准要求,不同低成本国家的贸易政策和国际贸易中汇率变动风险等,以A公司为例,在此基础上进一步的分析和研究在低成本国家采购中面对不同等级的供应商在筛选和确认过程中的问题和解决方案。再到研究A公司低成本国家采购的应对策略,分别从A公司对外面对供应商的角度和A公司的内部运作细入的进行分析。最后通过阐述A公司的供应商评估和采购项目具体的管理措施,通过具体的案例分析,来进一步研究在低成本国家采购管理的策略的实施,由此给企业带来的成本节约和整体竞争力的提高。希望本文通过A公司的采购策略的分析和研究,能有助于其它的类似企业把全球低成本国家采购作为当前供应链管理的一个重点中具有一定的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:In the global economic integration today, manufacturing costs and profits are becoming more and more transparent. The marketing channel of the enterprise is also more and more open to the target market. At present, the names of some projects in the railway locomotive manufacturing industry are also directly named by the final customer name or use, such as "Guangzhou Metro Line 3 repair vehicle" and "Zefiro380" (380 km / h high-speed train). The implementation of pre-contract bidding, drawing design, project procurement (including raw materials and equipment procurement, product and equipment maintenance plan, etc.) is based on the overall project name. Therefore, now the competition between enterprises has actually become the competition between supply chains. Supply chain management has become an important part of enterprises to cultivate core competitiveness, enhance competitive advantage and adapt to the global economic integration market. In the current business environment, under the background of global economic integration, cost control and optimal combination of supply chain become more and more important. Good and reasonable supply chain operation can quickly respond to customer's demand, and can control cost as far as possible, which can help enterprises to achieve the goal of improving market competitiveness. For some enterprises, it is quite difficult to meet the rising expectations of customers and to reasonably control the operating costs of each link. Those who can provide satisfactory products and services to customers at the right time have a competitive advantage, and will have a place in the competitive international market, and will be able to improve the cost management of the supply chain. Share of the market will also be expanded. Starting with the basic theory of low cost country procurement, this paper expounds the purchasing project management mode of multinational corporations in the "optimal cost" market. Taking the purchasing management status quo and main problems of A Company in low-cost countries as the research object, through the common standard requirements of multinational corporations for the products purchased, The trade policies of different low-cost countries and the risk of exchange rate changes in international trade. Take Company A as an example. On this basis, further analysis and study of low cost country procurement in the face of different levels of suppliers in the process of selection and identification of problems and solutions. Then, the paper studies the strategy of low cost country purchasing of company A, and analyzes the internal operation of company A from the perspective of company A facing suppliers outside and the internal operation of company A. Finally, by explaining the supplier evaluation and purchasing project specific management measures of A Company, and through the specific case analysis, to further study the implementation of procurement management strategy in low-cost countries. The cost savings and the overall competitiveness of the enterprise. It is hoped that through the analysis and study of the purchasing strategy of company A, this paper will be helpful for other similar enterprises to take global low-cost country procurement as a key point of current supply chain management.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274

【参考文献】