基于供应链契约理论的云计算服务供应链协调机制的设计及仿真研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 13:48

本文选题：云计算 + 服务供应链　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：云计算作为基础设施、平台和应用的一种新型信息资源组织形式,将传统以桌面为中心的计算模式转变成以网络为中心的计算模式,提供按需使用和定制化的云服务,彻底改变了TT服务的交付方式,显著降低了管理和维护成本,受到工业界和学术界的极大关注。云服务在网络间的层层传递形成了一条云计算服务供应链。由于云计算服务供应链中各个成员的自利性行为以及信息不对称等原因,导致供应链成员的决策目标与供应链整体决策目标相冲突。因此,研究构建有效的供应链协调机制实现云计算供应链的协调运作,对提升云计算服务供应链运作效率具有重要意义。本文以基础设施服务提供商(Application Infrastructure Provider, AIP)和应用服务提供商(Application Service Provider, ASP)构成的二阶云计算服务供应链为研究对象,开展基于供应链契约的云计算服务供应链协调机制及其仿真平台研究,以便为云计算服务供应链的协调运作提供方法和工具。其中,ASP利用从AIP租用的基础设施和平台等云计算服务,部署和配置应用软件,向用户提供增值的应用服务。本文主要研究内容和成果如下： (1)研究设计了一个数量折扣契约模型,以协调由AIP和ASP组成的二阶云计算服务供应链。针对价格敏感、服从均匀分布的市场需求,分别探论了集中机制、批发价格契约和数量折扣契约等三种协调机制下的供应链运作绩效。研究结果表明,批发价格契约能够实现供应链协调,但AIP收益偏低不具实际意义；而数量折扣契约能够实现供应链协调,且可以任意分配协调后的利润。这是由于数量折扣契约不改变ASP的定价决策,只要实现ASP的订购量协调,即可实现其定价协调,从而实现整个供应链协调。 (2)开展基于排队论和数量折扣契约的云计算服务供应链协调机制研究,构建了一个AIP和一个ASP构成的二阶供应链模型,而ASP服务系统被抽象成一个M/M/1等待制排队系统,并讨论在一体化、直接租赁和数量折扣契约三种协调机制下供应链绩效。研究结果表明,直接租赁能够实现协调,但是AIP更倾向于制定不协调的租赁价格,从而导致协调失效。而数量折扣契约不改变ASP定价决策这一结论在排队系统中依然有效,故数量折扣契约能够实现整个供应链协调,并可在合理的区间内任意分配协调后的供应链利润。 (3)设计和实现一个仿真云计算服务供应链协调机制的软件平台。该平台主要包括供应链运作场景设定、仿真求解、仿真结果分析等三个部分,其中供应链运作场景的设定是仿真平台的核心,主要是设定供应链及其成员的利润函数、市场需求函数、供应链的协调机制及供应链成员的私有信息等。研究算例表明,仿真平台能有效地模拟云计算环境下多种供应链运作场景和协调机制,为分析、设计云计算服务供应链的协调机制提供了一种有效工具。
[Abstract]:Cloud computing as the infrastructure, platform and application of a new form of information resources organization, from the traditional desktop centric computing model into a network-centric computing model, providing on demand and customized cloud services, It has completely changed the delivery of TT services, significantly reduced the cost of management and maintenance, and has attracted great attention from industry and academia. Cloud services in the network layer by layer transfer formed a cloud computing service supply chain. Because of the self-interest behavior and information asymmetry of each member in the cloud computing service supply chain, the decision goal of the member of the supply chain conflicts with the overall decision goal of the supply chain. Therefore, it is of great significance to construct an effective supply chain coordination mechanism to realize the coordinated operation of cloud computing supply chain to improve the efficiency of cloud computing service supply chain. In this paper, the second order cloud computing service supply chain composed of Application Infrastructure provider (AIP) and Application Service provider (ASP) is taken as the research object. The research of cloud computing service supply chain coordination mechanism based on supply chain contract and its simulation platform are carried out in order to provide methods and tools for the coordination operation of cloud computing service supply chain. ASP uses cloud computing services such as infrastructure and platforms rented from AIP to deploy and configure application software to provide value-added application services to users. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) A quantity discount contract model is designed to coordinate the second-order cloud computing service supply chain composed of AIP and ASP. In view of price sensitivity and uniform distribution of market demand, this paper discusses the performance of supply chain operation under three coordination mechanisms: centralized mechanism, wholesale price contract and quantity discount contract. The results show that the wholesale price contract can achieve supply chain coordination, but the low AIP revenue is of no practical significance, while the quantity discount contract can achieve supply chain coordination, and can distribute the coordinated profits arbitrarily. This is because the quantity discount contract does not change the pricing decision of ASP, so long as the order quantity coordination of ASP is realized, the pricing coordination can be realized. In order to realize the coordination of the whole supply chain. (2) Research on the coordination mechanism of cloud computing service supply chain based on queuing theory and quantity discount contract, and construct a second-order supply chain model composed of AIP and ASP. The ASP service system is abstracted into an M / M / 1 waiting queue system and discusses the supply chain performance under three coordination mechanisms of integration direct lease and quantity discount contract. The results show that direct leasing can achieve coordination, but AIP tends to set uncoordinated lease prices, which leads to coordination failure. The conclusion that the quantity discount contract does not change the ASP pricing decision is still valid in the queuing system, so the quantity discount contract can realize the coordination of the whole supply chain. It can distribute the profit of the coordinated supply chain arbitrarily in a reasonable range. (3) Design and implement a software platform to simulate the coordination mechanism of cloud computing service supply chain. The platform mainly includes three parts: the setting of the operation scene of supply chain, the solution of simulation and the analysis of simulation result, among which the setting of operation scenario of supply chain is the core of the simulation platform, and the profit function of supply chain and its members is mainly set. Market demand function, coordination mechanism of supply chain and private information of supply chain members. The simulation results show that the simulation platform can effectively simulate the operation scenarios and coordination mechanisms of various supply chains in cloud computing environment. It provides an effective tool for analyzing and designing the coordination mechanism of cloud computing service supply chain.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP391.9

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