集群式供应链带紧急补货方式的库存策略研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 19:23
【摘要】：集群式供应链网络多数分布于在广东、浙江等中小企业密集区域中,由数条平行的单链供应链复合而成。所谓集群式供应链,是对供应链与产业集群进行耦合,通俗地说,我们把产业集群中供应链的聚合称为集群式供应链。围绕着一个或几个产业,凝聚着供应商、制造商、分销商和零售商,以及一些研发机构甚至是最终客户。一般情况下,企业只处于一条供应链中,与所在供应链内的上下游企业合作。而在集群式供应链网络中,企业将跨供应链与其他供应链上的同质或非同质企业进行合作。这样的模式能够缓解大批量订货或紧急订货带来的缺货风险与利润损失。 集群式供应链中的企业通过“信任和承诺”的关系进行彼此合作,互相之间存在着契约关系,这种契约关系可以是正式的,也可以是非正式的。所形成的供应链网络具有典型的本地特色。 基于对广东、浙江块状经济中的集群式供应链跨供应链合作进行论述研究,本文以资源依赖理论(Resource dependency theory, RDT),交易成本经济学(Transactions cost economics, TCE),资源基础理论(Resource-Based View, RBV)为理论依据,运用运筹学和博弈论的方法,建立了一个集群式网络中,单级同质企业随机需求下,有订货提前期、带紧急补货方式的供应链跨链间的双向紧急补订货的库存管理模型,采用连续检查(p, R1,Q1,R2,Qe)策略和周期检查(P,t,S,Se)策略对库存系统进行分析。求得两种策略下单位时间库存总成本,单位时间持有成本,单位时间缺货成本,以及最小成本时对应的最佳策略参数。每种策略都有启发式算法以及精确求解两种算法。同时对两种策略中紧急订货和紧急补货决策进行分析,给出了寻找紧急订货警戒点的方法以及是否提供补货的决策方法。 本研究将突破以往研究中仅采用系统仿真方法求解订货策略,或者只采用一种主观认为是最佳的库存策略来求解最小成本。以最契合企业实际应用的目标为研究方向,通过常用库存策略的对比,为网络中同质企业进行双向紧急补货找到最合理的订货策略,从而减少库存成本,降低缺货风险,使得整体利润最大化。最后将运用仿真方式和对于真实集群产业数据的模拟,验证模型算法正确性。
[Abstract]:Most of the cluster supply chain networks are distributed in small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong and Zhejiang, and are composed of several parallel single-chain supply chains. The so-called cluster supply chain is the coupling between the supply chain and the industrial cluster. In general, we call the aggregation of the supply chain in the industrial cluster as the cluster supply chain. Around one or more industries, there are suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers, as well as some R & D institutions and even final customers. In general, enterprises are only in one supply chain and cooperate with upstream and downstream enterprises in their supply chain. In cluster supply chain networks, enterprises cooperate with homogeneous or non-homogeneous enterprises in other supply chains. This model can alleviate the risk of shortage and loss of profits caused by mass or emergency orders. The enterprises in the cluster supply chain cooperate with each other through the relationship of "trust and commitment", and there is a contractual relationship between each other, which can be formal or informal. The formed supply chain network has typical local characteristics. Based on the research on the cross-supply chain cooperation of the cluster supply chain in Guangdong and Zhejiang, this paper takes the resource dependence theory, (Resource dependency theory, RDT), transaction cost economics, (Transactions cost economics, TCE), resource base theory (Resource-Based View, RBV) as the theoretical basis. By using the methods of operational research and game theory, this paper sets up an inventory management model of two-way emergency reordering in supply chain with order lead time and emergency replenishment under the random demand of single-level homogeneous enterprises in a cluster network. The inventory system is analyzed by continuous inspection (p, R1Q1 / R2Qe) strategy and periodic inspection (PERTS-SISE) strategy. The total cost of inventory per unit time, the cost of holding per unit time, the cost of stock-out per unit time, and the optimal policy parameters corresponding to the minimum cost are obtained. Each strategy has two algorithms: heuristic algorithm and exact solution algorithm. At the same time, the decision of emergency order and emergency replenishment is analyzed, and the method of finding emergency order warning point and whether to supply replenishment are given. This study will break through the previous research only using the system simulation method to solve the ordering strategy, or only use a subjective thought of the best inventory strategy to solve the minimum cost. In order to find the most reasonable ordering strategy for the homogeneous enterprises in the network through the comparison of the common inventory strategies, the most suitable ordering strategy is found to be the most suitable for the practical application of the enterprises, thus reducing the inventory cost and the risk of stocking out of stock, so as to find the most reasonable ordering strategy for the homogeneous enterprises in the network. Maximize overall profits. Finally, the simulation method and the simulation of real cluster industry data are used to verify the correctness of the model algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274
本文编号：2188640
[Abstract]:Most of the cluster supply chain networks are distributed in small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong and Zhejiang, and are composed of several parallel single-chain supply chains. The so-called cluster supply chain is the coupling between the supply chain and the industrial cluster. In general, we call the aggregation of the supply chain in the industrial cluster as the cluster supply chain. Around one or more industries, there are suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers, as well as some R & D institutions and even final customers. In general, enterprises are only in one supply chain and cooperate with upstream and downstream enterprises in their supply chain. In cluster supply chain networks, enterprises cooperate with homogeneous or non-homogeneous enterprises in other supply chains. This model can alleviate the risk of shortage and loss of profits caused by mass or emergency orders. The enterprises in the cluster supply chain cooperate with each other through the relationship of "trust and commitment", and there is a contractual relationship between each other, which can be formal or informal. The formed supply chain network has typical local characteristics. Based on the research on the cross-supply chain cooperation of the cluster supply chain in Guangdong and Zhejiang, this paper takes the resource dependence theory, (Resource dependency theory, RDT), transaction cost economics, (Transactions cost economics, TCE), resource base theory (Resource-Based View, RBV) as the theoretical basis. By using the methods of operational research and game theory, this paper sets up an inventory management model of two-way emergency reordering in supply chain with order lead time and emergency replenishment under the random demand of single-level homogeneous enterprises in a cluster network. The inventory system is analyzed by continuous inspection (p, R1Q1 / R2Qe) strategy and periodic inspection (PERTS-SISE) strategy. The total cost of inventory per unit time, the cost of holding per unit time, the cost of stock-out per unit time, and the optimal policy parameters corresponding to the minimum cost are obtained. Each strategy has two algorithms: heuristic algorithm and exact solution algorithm. At the same time, the decision of emergency order and emergency replenishment is analyzed, and the method of finding emergency order warning point and whether to supply replenishment are given. This study will break through the previous research only using the system simulation method to solve the ordering strategy, or only use a subjective thought of the best inventory strategy to solve the minimum cost. In order to find the most reasonable ordering strategy for the homogeneous enterprises in the network through the comparison of the common inventory strategies, the most suitable ordering strategy is found to be the most suitable for the practical application of the enterprises, thus reducing the inventory cost and the risk of stocking out of stock, so as to find the most reasonable ordering strategy for the homogeneous enterprises in the network. Maximize overall profits. Finally, the simulation method and the simulation of real cluster industry data are used to verify the correctness of the model algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274
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