FM公司FIT国产化项目的采购管理研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 18:04

【摘要】：随着全球化的快速发展与科学技术的日益精进，汽车制造企业的供应链能力、生产及营销模式都产生了历史性的变革，企业间的竞争己日益演变成为产业链以及供应链层面的竞争。目前已不存在某一家汽车制造商能够单独完成从零部件制造、整车装配到汽车销售的全过程，汽车行业供应链日益凸显多参与主体、跨地域、多环节的特征，因而企业的生产过程极容易受到各供应链节点的影响，而供应商被视为其中最有影响力的一环。对供应商的选择与管理的成功与否，直接关系着企业能否保障持续生产，能否在新产品的研制中抢先一步，能否以更卓越的产品满足客户的需求，因而对企业的生存和发展起着至关重要的作用。因此，建立科学合理的供应商开发流程来筛选出一位优秀的供应商，在批量生产开始后实施恰当并且严格的供应商管理制度，通过对供应商的持续改善来建立长期的战略性合作伙伴关系，这些对于企业的有效运营，乃至供应链整体效率的提升都有着重大的意义。 FM公司是一家拥有一百多年历史的美国汽车行业500强企业，其产品广泛服务于汽车、航空、能源、重工业、工业、船运、发电、铁路等行业，在中国拥有亚太总部、技术中心以及11个生产工厂。随着当前跨国公司实施在华本土化采购战略的趋势越来越明显，基于价格与竞争压力这两大因素，也为了更好地实现成本削减目标，FM公司决定在华寻找合适的供应商来替代原有的海外供应商。涉及多个海外生产据点在中国本地采购的项目——FIT项目就这样应运而生。为了更为清晰地展现FM公司的采购管理模式，本文以FIT项目为例，论述FM公司从供应商前期开发到批量生产后的供应商质量管理及持续改进的整个过程。本文首先提出了此项研究的背景与意义，并对研究现状、全文结构、技术路线、研究方法、创新点等内容做了一一介绍。进而从理论研究出发，，对供应商管理理论、ISO/TS16949质量管理体系、AIAG发布的权威汽车行业五大手册等理论与研究成果进行收集、整理和总结。在大量文献研究的基础上，本文以FIT项目为例，详细研究了FM公司的采购管理模式：先是介绍了FM公司的供应商开发流程，并以背板供应商的选择为案例进行具体分析；其次是针对供应商开发流程中的样品批准这一重要环节进行了深入剖析，并分析了现有流程的可取之处与缺陷之处；随后研究了FM公司实施对供应商的后期管理的，包括供应商批量生产后的日常管理、供应商绩效考评和供应商持续改进等。基于对FM公司整个供应商管理体系的详细论述，本文总结了其中值得借鉴与发人深省之处，也分析了其中的缺陷与风险点，并提出了相应的改善建议，以期为提升国内制造企业的供应商管理模式的更新与完善提供参考性思路。最后，本文总结了全文的主要研究结论，并提出了未来值得进一步深入探讨的问题。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of globalization and the development of science and technology, the supply chain capability, production and marketing mode of automobile manufacturing enterprises have undergone historic changes. Competition among enterprises has evolved into industry chain and supply chain competition. At present, there is no single automobile manufacturer able to complete the whole process from parts manufacturing, whole vehicle assembly to auto sales. The automobile industry supply chain increasingly highlights the characteristics of multi-participant, cross-regional, multi-link. Therefore, the production process of enterprises is vulnerable to the impact of each supply chain node, and suppliers are regarded as one of the most influential. The success of supplier selection and management is directly related to whether the enterprise can guarantee continuous production, be able to take the lead in the development of new products, and meet the needs of customers with more superior products. Therefore, the survival and development of enterprises play a vital role. Therefore, establish a scientific and reasonable supplier development process to select an excellent supplier, and implement appropriate and strict supplier management system after batch production. Establishing long-term strategic partnerships through continuous improvement of suppliers, which are effective for the operation of the enterprise, Even the overall efficiency of the supply chain is of great significance. FM is a top 500 company in the US automotive industry with a history of more than 100 years. Its products are widely used in automobile, aviation, energy, and heavy industries. Shipping, power generation, railways and other industries, in China has Asia-Pacific headquarters, technology centers and 11 production plants. With the trend of multinational corporations to implement the local procurement strategy in China is becoming more and more obvious, based on the two major factors of price and competitive pressure, Also in order to better achieve the cost reduction target FM decided to find suitable suppliers in China to replace the original overseas suppliers. Involving a number of overseas production sites in China's local procurement projects-fit project came into being. In order to show the purchasing management mode of FM Company more clearly, this paper takes the FIT project as an example, and discusses the whole process of supplier quality management and continuous improvement from supplier pre-development to batch production in FM Company. In this paper, the background and significance of this research are put forward, and the research status, structure, technical route, research methods and innovation points are introduced one by one. Based on the theoretical research, this paper collects, collates and summarizes the theories and research results of the five manuals issued by ISO / TS16949 quality management system and AIAG. Based on a large number of literature studies, this paper takes the FIT project as an example to study the purchasing management mode of FM company in detail: firstly, it introduces the supplier development process of FM Company, and takes the selection of backplane supplier as a case to carry on the concrete analysis; Secondly, it analyzes the important link of sample approval in the supplier development process, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing process, and then studies the implementation of FM's late management of the supplier. Including supplier batch production after daily management, supplier performance evaluation and supplier continuous improvement and so on. Based on the detailed exposition of the whole supplier management system of FM Company, this paper summarizes the references and thought-provoking points, analyzes the defects and risk points, and puts forward corresponding suggestions for improvement. In order to improve the supplier management mode of domestic manufacturing enterprises to update and improve the ideas to provide reference. Finally, this paper summarizes the main conclusions of the paper, and puts forward some problems worth further discussion in the future.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F416.471;F274

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