计及消费者低碳偏好的供应链协调研究

发布时间：2018-10-13 18:23

【摘要】：近年来，各国政府、企业和学者已经形成共识，温室效应是全球气候变化以及极端气候出现日趋频繁的主要原因，而人类在经济活动中产生的碳排放是导致温室效应的主要根源。为有效地控制二氧化碳等温室气体的排放，以“低能耗”、“低污染”、“低排放”为基础的新的经济模式被提出并得到大力倡导，，也就是低碳经济。所谓低碳经济就是指温室气体排放量尽可能低的经济发展方式，是以改善地球生态系统自我调节能力为目标的可持续发展的新的经济形态，其实质是提高能源利用效率和创建清洁的能源结构，其核心是技术创新、制度创新和发展观念的转变。消费者低碳偏好是随着低碳经济的日趋发展以及消费者环境保护意识的日趋加强而逐步形成的，而消费者是否选择低碳产品也很大程度上会影响到企业的产品决策和产品运营。因此企业管理者要想实现企业的可持续发展，必须要对消费者的低碳偏好引发的市场需求变化有所重视，站在供应链层面分析制定产品决策、引导消费者购买决策并与上下游进行相关议价。本文首先基于消费者购买行为理论，分析在低碳经济模式下消费者的购买行为模式。指出消费者在新的经济模式下购买行为将受到产品绿色属性的影响。而后从企业社会责任的一个方面——低碳性能对消费者的影响入手，运用博弈论的基本思想，对供应链完全信息和非完全信息下，制销联盟低碳信号传递原理进行了研究。而后由于消费者低碳意识的不断提高，消费者对产品的需求将是产品价格、质量和碳排放等因素的综合函数，零售商由于接近市场终端，对消费者低碳偏好具备完全信息并由此形成买方抗衡势力，本文关于零售商在制造商对市场需求不具备完全信息下就低碳产品批发价格与其进行的讨价还价博弈过程进行求解，而后分析了零售商将市场信息与制造商共享情况下双方就供应链总体利润的分配因子进行讨价还价博弈的过程，并分析得出两种情境下制造商对零售商可接受价格（可接受利润分配因子）的预估能力对双方收益函数的影响。
[Abstract]:In recent years, governments, businesses and scholars have reached a consensus that Greenhouse Effect is the main cause of global climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events. The carbon emissions from human economic activities are the main cause of Greenhouse Effect. In order to effectively control the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, a new economic model based on "low energy consumption", "low pollution" and "low emission" has been proposed and advocated, that is, low carbon economy. The so-called low-carbon economy refers to the economic development mode with the lowest possible greenhouse gas emissions. It is a new economic form of sustainable development aimed at improving the self-regulation capacity of the Earth's ecosystem. Its essence is to improve the efficiency of energy use and to create a clean energy structure, and its core is technological innovation, institutional innovation and the transformation of the concept of development. Consumers' low carbon preference is gradually formed with the development of low-carbon economy and the strengthening of consumers' environmental protection consciousness. Whether consumers choose low-carbon products will also affect the product decision and product operation to a great extent. Therefore, if enterprise managers want to achieve sustainable development of enterprises, they must attach importance to the changes of market demand caused by consumers' low-carbon preferences, and analyze and make product decisions at the level of supply chain. Guide consumers to make purchase decisions and negotiate prices with upstream and downstream. Firstly, based on the theory of consumer purchasing behavior, this paper analyzes the consumer purchase behavior model under the low carbon economy model. It is pointed out that the purchase behavior of consumers under the new economic model will be affected by the green property of products. Then, starting with the influence of low carbon performance on consumers in a aspect of corporate social responsibility, using the basic idea of game theory, this paper studies the principle of low carbon signal transmission in manufacturing and marketing alliance under complete and incomplete information of supply chain. As consumers' low carbon awareness continues to improve, consumers' demand for products will be a comprehensive function of factors such as product prices, quality and carbon emissions, and retailers will be close to the end of the market. With complete information on consumers' low carbon preferences and thus forming a buyer's countervailing force, this paper deals with the bargaining game process between retailers and low carbon products wholesale prices without complete information of manufacturers' market demand. Then the paper analyzes the process of bargaining game between retailer and manufacturer when they share market information with manufacturer on the distribution factor of total profit of supply chain. The influence of the manufacturer's ability to estimate the acceptable price (acceptable profit distribution factor) of the retailer on the income function of both parties is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274

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