碳税和消费者环保意识对双渠道供应链碳减排与定价影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 07:58

【摘要】：互联网的快速发展带动了电子商务的崛起,许多企业为了抢占市场建立网络直销渠道销售产品。然而随着自然环境的日益恶化、极端天气频发、全球气温变暖,政府和消费者对环境保护问题的关注度日益提高。我国刚出台的《中华人民共和国环境保护税法》以及正在酝酿的碳税政策足以证明政府整治环境的决心。在这样的背景下,企业不仅仅需要承受多渠道间竞争的压力,还要承受来自政府环保政策和消费者环保意识的压力。因此本文研究了政府的碳税政策和消费者环保意识对双渠道供应链成员各项决策的影响,为制造商、零售商和政府的相关决策提供理论依据。本文在国内外研究的基础上,运用数学建模、理论分析、数值分析等方法进行了研究。首先,本文主要研究了三种典型的双渠道供应链模型:独立竞争双渠道、零售商双渠道和制造商双渠道。分别建立了三种模型的需求函数和利润函数,采用Stackelberg博弈方法对三种模型进行求解,得到各供应链结构中制造商和零售商各自的定价、利润以及碳排放量均衡解的数学表达式。然后,基于求解结果定量分析了碳税和消费者环保意识对最优单位碳排放量、零售价格、批发价格、利润的影响情况,并对三种供应链结构的各项最优值进行了比较分析。最后,根据求解和分析的结果,进行数值分析,验证了结论的正确性。根据理论和数值分析的结果,得到以下三方面的结论:首先,碳税和消费者环保意识确实会影响制造商的碳减排策略,但与制造商的类型有关,若制造商为环保型,提高碳税和消费者环保意识可以促进碳减排;若制造商为污染型,提高碳税和消费者环保意识后减排效果不理想。其次,在定价策略方面,零售价格和批发价格与碳税成正相关,与消费者环保意识成负相关。最后,在渠道选择方面,零售商更倾向于与环保型制造商合作,并选择零售商双渠道模式;制造商则会首选制造商双渠道模式,其次是独立竞争的双渠道模式。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the Internet has led to the rise of e-commerce, many enterprises in order to seize the market to establish network direct marketing channels to sell products. However, with the deterioration of natural environment, frequent extreme weather and global warming, governments and consumers are paying more and more attention to environmental protection. The "Environmental Protection tax Law of the people's Republic of China" and the brewing carbon tax policy can prove the government's determination to clean up the environment. In this context, enterprises not only have to bear the pressure of multi-channel competition, but also the pressure from the government environmental protection policy and consumer environmental awareness. Therefore, this paper studies the impact of government carbon tax policy and consumers' environmental awareness on the decisions of the members of the two-channel supply chain, and provides a theoretical basis for manufacturers, retailers and the government to make relevant decisions. Based on the research at home and abroad, this paper uses mathematical modeling, theoretical analysis, numerical analysis and other methods to study. Firstly, this paper mainly studies three typical double channel supply chain models: independent competition double channel, retailer double channel and manufacturer double channel. The demand function and the profit function of the three models are established, and the Stackelberg game method is used to solve the three models. The mathematical expressions of the pricing, profit and carbon emission equilibrium solutions of manufacturers and retailers in each supply chain structure are obtained. Then, the effects of carbon tax and consumers' awareness of environmental protection on the optimal carbon emissions per unit, retail price, wholesale price and profit are quantitatively analyzed based on the results of the solution, and the optimal values of the three supply chain structures are compared and analyzed. Finally, according to the results of solution and analysis, numerical analysis is carried out to verify the correctness of the conclusion. Based on the results of theoretical and numerical analysis, the following three conclusions are drawn: first, carbon tax and consumer environmental awareness do affect the manufacturer's carbon reduction strategy, but it is related to the type of manufacturer, if the manufacturer is environmentally friendly. Increasing carbon tax and consumer environmental awareness can promote carbon emission reduction; If manufacturers are polluter, carbon tax and consumer awareness of environmental protection after the emission reduction effect is not ideal. Secondly, in terms of pricing strategy, retail price and wholesale price are positively correlated with carbon tax and negatively correlated with consumer environmental awareness. Finally, in the aspect of channel selection, retailers tend to cooperate with environment-friendly manufacturers and choose the dual-channel mode of retailers, while manufacturers prefer the dual-channel mode of manufacturers, followed by the two-channel mode of independent competition.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X196;F274

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