复杂需求环境下变质性产品的最优库存策略研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 16:16

【摘要】：自从经典的EOQ库存模型提出以后,库存控制的理论研究获得了很大的进步.然而,这些扩展性的研究与复杂的实际运营仍有不少差距,还有很多不足的地方需要不断完善.在流通市场中,变质是绝大部分商品不可忽略的现象,直接影响着相关制造零售企业的运营效率,特别是在营销利润方面.因此,对变质性产品的库存控制与方法进行研究对于提高企业的绩效具有重要的现实意义.本文在现有库存优化理论的基础上,结合产品的实际市场需求、市场寿命以及零售商订货费用的支付方式等方面对变质性产品的库存控制问题展开进一步的扩展性研究,具体的研究内容如下：(1)根据产品的不同变质属性和实际需求情况,考虑到新产品推向市场的前期成长和市场饱和阶段,即产品的市场需求假设为Ramp-型,建立了产品寿命服从混合指数分布的变质性产品库存模型,分析了库存系统的最优缺货、最优补货策略以及最佳订货量,使得库存系统的总成本最小.(2)根据变质性产品的市场寿命和多变的市场需求属性,本文在假设产品的市场寿命满足指数分布且市场需求为Trapezoidal-型的条件下,建立了基于预销售模式的变质性产品库存模型.探讨了零售商的库存系统的总成本最小的最优订货策略,同时还进一步分析了决定产品寿命和需求率的参数扰动对零售商订货策略和库存系统成本的影响.(3)将一般意义下的Trapezoidal-型需求模式、产品市场寿命服从Weibull分布和允许缺货且部分延后交货相结合,建立允许缺货且部分延后、产品寿命服从Weibull分布的变质性产品库存模型.通过对模型展开分析,提出了使得库存系统周期内的总成本最小的最优订货策略,同时分析了构成库存系统的主要参数的扰动对最优订货策略的影响.(4)根据顾客对产品价格和库存量的敏感性以及延期交货的容忍度关系,假定零售商分别采取预销售模式和现货销售模式情形下,建立了市场需求依赖于销售价格和系统库存水平的变质性产品库存优化模型.通过分析,提出了库存系统的最优定价策略和订货策略,使零售商获得最大利润,并且对影响库存系统的主要参数进行了灵敏性分析,得到了主要参数在一定范围内扰动情况下对不同销售策略的影响.(5)对零售商的订货采取延期支付策略以鼓励零售商提高订货量,是供应商加速产品流转的一种策略.本文结合市场对产品的需求依赖于价格和库存水平,建立了市场需求依赖于价格和库存水平且允许延期支付的变质性产品库存模型,并确定了库存系统的最优定价和订货策略以使零售商获得最大利润,同时对影响库存系统的主要参数进行了灵敏度分析.总之,本论文在前人研究和相关企业调研的基础上,对变质性产品在市场复杂需求环境下的库存策略展开研究,探讨了不同库存系统中的最优订货量、最佳订(补)货时间和订货周期等影响决策的因素,不仅丰富了现有库存优化理论的内容,还通过对变质性产品这一类具体产品的库存策略展开深入研究,为实际中涉及类似产品经营的供应链成员的库存决策提供更为科学的理论依据.
[Abstract]:Since the classical EOQ inventory model has been put forward, the theoretical study of inventory control has made great progress. However, there are still many gaps in the research of these expansibility and the complex practical operation, and there are many insufficient places to be constantly improved. In the circulation market, metamorphism is a phenomenon that most of the commodities are not negligible, which directly affects the operation efficiency of the related manufacturing and retail enterprises, especially in terms of marketing profit. Therefore, the research on the inventory control and method of the modified product is of great practical significance to improve the performance of the enterprise. In this paper, on the basis of the existing stock optimization theory, the problem of stock control of the modified product is further expanded in the aspects of the actual market demand of the product, the market service life and the payment method of the retailer's order cost, and the specific research contents are as follows: (1) according to the different deterioration property and the actual demand situation of the product, taking into account the early growth of the new product and the market saturation stage, that is, the market demand of the product is assumed to be the Ramp-type, the product life of the product is established and the modified product inventory model of the mixed exponential distribution is established, The optimal stock-out, the optimal replenishment strategy and the optimal order quantity of the inventory system are analyzed, and the total cost of the inventory system is minimized. (2) According to the market service life of the modified product and the changing market demand, this paper sets up an inventory model of the modified product based on the pre-sales mode under the condition that the market life of the product meets the exponential distribution and the market demand is the Trapezoidal-type. The optimal order strategy of the minimum cost of the retailer's inventory system is discussed, and the influence of the parameter perturbation on the product life and demand rate on the retailer's order strategy and the inventory system cost is further analyzed. (3) According to the Trapezoidal-type demand model in general sense, the life of the product market is subject to the Weibull distribution and the partial late delivery is combined to establish an inventory model of the modified product which is allowed to be out of stock and partially delayed, and the product life is subject to the Weibull distribution. Based on the analysis of the model, the optimal order strategy for minimizing the total cost in the inventory system period is put forward, and the influence of the disturbance on the optimal order strategy of the main parameters of the inventory system is analyzed. (4) according to the sensitivity of the customer to the product price and the stock quantity and the tolerance relationship of the delayed delivery, it is assumed that the retailer adopts the pre-sales mode and the spot sales mode respectively, The inventory optimization model of the modified product based on the sales price and the inventory level of the system is established. Through the analysis, the optimal pricing strategy and the order strategy of the inventory system are put forward, the maximum profit is obtained by the retailer, and the sensitivity analysis of the main parameters affecting the inventory system is analyzed, and the influence of the main parameters on different sales strategies under certain conditions is obtained. (5) The retailer's order to take an extended payment strategy to encourage the retailer to increase the order quantity is a strategy for the supplier to accelerate the product circulation. In this paper, the demand of the market to the product is dependent on the price and the inventory level, the inventory model of the modified product is established which is dependent on the price and the inventory level and the deferred payment is allowed, and the optimal pricing and order strategy of the inventory system is determined so as to make the retailer obtain the maximum profit, At the same time, the sensitivity analysis of the main parameters affecting the inventory system is carried out. In conclusion, on the basis of the previous research and the research of the relevant enterprises, this paper studies the inventory strategy of the modified products in the market complex demand environment, and discusses the factors such as the optimal order quantity, the best order (supplement) time and the order cycle of different inventory systems. It not only enriches the content of the existing stock optimization theory, but also studies the inventory strategy of a specific product of the modified product, and provides a more scientific basis for the inventory decision of the supply chain members involved in the similar product management in practice.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274

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