考虑损失规避零售商的多期多产品供应链网络均衡

发布时间：2018-11-26 14:44

【摘要】：供应链是一个具有层级结构的复杂网络,一般包括制造商层、零售商层和需求市场层等渠道成员。为描述供应链网络的动态特征,本文将决策时间离散划分为多个规划期,同一规划期内各类成员的决策环境相对稳定;相反在不同规划期之间可能发生改变。制造商生产多种类型的产品,零售商面临随机需求环境且为损失规避者。运用前景理论描述了零售商的损失规避行为,利用制造商的库存转移来描述相邻规划期间的关系。利用变分不等式、对偶理论和互补理论刻画了制造商层、零售商层和需求市场层的最优决策行为,并推导整个供应链网络的均衡条件。设计了求解模型的修正投影算法。通过算例阐明了零售商盈亏平衡点的特征,分析了损失规避系数对供应链网络企业最优决策的影响。研究表明:随着损失规避系数的增大,零售商的第1盈亏平衡点减小,第2盈亏平衡点增大;零售商的订货量减小,其期望利润和期望效用增加,相反制造商和消费者的利益均受损;随着缺货成本的增加,零售商需向制造商订购更多的产品来规避缺货损失,但这也同时增加了其过量订货和滞销的风险;当零售商在某一期的损失规避系数发生改变时,零售商和制造商需在整个规划期范围内调整策略。
[Abstract]:Supply chain is a complex network with hierarchical structure, including manufacturer layer, retailer layer and demand market layer. In order to describe the dynamic characteristics of the supply chain network, this paper divides the decision time discretization into multiple planning periods, and the decision environment of all members is relatively stable in the same planning period; on the contrary, it may change between different planning periods. Manufacturers produce many types of products and retailers face a random demand environment and are loss averse. The loss avoidance behavior of retailers is described by using foreground theory, and the relationship between adjacent planning periods is described by the inventory transfer of manufacturers. By using variational inequalities, duality theory and complementarity theory, the optimal decision behaviors of manufacturer, retailer and demand market are described, and the equilibrium conditions of the whole supply chain network are derived. A modified projection algorithm is designed to solve the model. The characteristics of retailer's break-even point are illustrated by an example, and the influence of loss avoidance coefficient on the optimal decision of supply chain network enterprises is analyzed. The results show that: with the increase of loss avoidance coefficient, the first break-even point of retailer decreases and the second break-even point increases; The retailer's order volume decreases, its expected profit and expected utility increase, on the contrary, manufacturers and consumers' interests are damaged; With the increase of shortage cost, retailers need to order more products from manufacturers to avoid shortage loss, but this also increases the risk of overordering and unsalable. When the loss avoidance coefficient of retailers changes in a certain period, retailers and manufacturers should adjust their strategies throughout the planning period.
【作者单位】：青岛大学管理科学与工程学院;俄罗斯科学院;北京师范大学政府管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71371102) 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2012GM002)
【分类号】：F274;F713.32

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