MC环境下汽车整车企业采购关键策略及其模型
发布时间：2019-02-09 07:18
【摘要】：随着消费者需求的日益多样化以及不断提升的汽车生产技术,汽车整车企业正面对着一个迅速增长而又复杂多变的消费者市场,高效率、低成本的大规模定制必然会是汽车整车企业的未来道路。汽车整车企业欲想实现大规模定制则要求其在供应链的采购管理上进行深入地挖掘。众多研究以及事实表明,汽车整车企业的供应链体系当中,采购成本占据较大的比例。因此,在大规模定制的环境下,汽车整车企业如何对采购决策中供应商的筛选与评价以及汽配零部件采购批量的确定对于企业自身提高竞争能力,降低企业成本,获取更多的利润具有重要的意义。 本文深入探讨了各国众多学者对大规模定制、供应链管理、采购管理以及供应链管理理论与采购模型的研究,然后分析了汽车整车企业的采购特点,总结出实现大规模定制环境下采购需要解决如何以低成本实现准时化采购,并提出了解决的关键策略：一是汽车整车企业实现大规模定制必须与供应商建立战略合作伙伴关系,二是合理确定汽配零部件的采购批量,以降低采购成本。然后针对汽车整车企业与供应商之间所建立的战略合作伙伴关系时所必须考虑的因素指标,利用归“1”(将数值换算为0.01～1之间进行分析比较)的思想提出了大规模定制环境下汽车整车企业对供应商选择评价模型。针对合理确定汽配零部件的采购批量,利用数学建模的思想将采购批量的确定分成两大部分：一部分是预测性的汽配零部件的采购,针对此项结合汽车大规模定制的特点对经济订货批量模型进行优化,在建模时纳入了连续供应和使用的情况；另一部分是实现JIT采购,由于与供应商的战略合作伙伴关系,将供应商的成本纳入其中并考虑了汽车整车企业的柔性损失成本。然后利用多目标决策分析中的线性加权和法(中-法)对两大部分的模型进行优化整合,并对整合后的大规模定制环境下的采购模型进行模拟算例分析,证明优化后的模型相比前两种模型可以有效地降低企业的采购成本。 本文研究表明优化后的采购模型(包括供应商选择评价模型以及采购批量模型)有助于降低企业的采购成本,并能有效地帮助汽车整车企业大规模定制化的早日实现。
[Abstract]:With the increasing diversification of consumer demand and the continuous upgrading of automotive production technology, automotive enterprises are facing a rapidly growing and complex and changeable consumer market, with high efficiency. Low-cost mass customization is bound to be the future road of automobile enterprises. In order to realize mass customization, automobile enterprises need to dig deeply into the purchasing management of supply chain. Many researches and facts show that the purchasing cost occupies a large proportion in the supply chain system of automobile enterprises. Therefore, in the environment of mass customization, how to select and evaluate the suppliers in the purchasing decision and how to determine the purchase batch of auto parts can improve the competition ability and reduce the cost of the whole automobile enterprise. It is important to gain more profits. This paper deeply discusses the research on mass customization, supply chain management, procurement management, supply chain management theory and procurement model, and then analyzes the purchasing characteristics of automobile enterprises. It is concluded that how to realize the punctual procurement at low cost under the circumstance of mass customization, and the key strategies are put forward: first, the strategic partnership must be established with suppliers to realize mass customization in automobile enterprises. The second is to reasonably determine the purchase volume of auto parts in order to reduce the purchase cost. Then aiming at the factors that must be taken into account in the strategic partnership between automobile enterprises and suppliers, Based on the idea of "1" (analysis and comparison between 0. 01 and 1), this paper presents an evaluation model of supplier selection for automobile enterprises in mass customization environment. In order to determine the purchase batch of auto parts reasonably, the determination of purchase batch is divided into two parts by mathematical modeling: one part is predictive purchase of auto parts, According to the characteristics of automobile mass customization, the economic order batch model is optimized, and the continuous supply and use are included in the model. The other part is the realization of JIT procurement, because of the strategic partnership with suppliers, the cost of suppliers is included and the cost of flexible loss of automobile enterprises is considered. Then the linear weighted sum method of multi-objective decision analysis is used to optimize and integrate the two parts of the model, and the procurement model under the integrated mass customization environment is analyzed by a simulation example. It is proved that the optimized model can effectively reduce the purchasing cost compared with the former two models. This paper shows that the optimized purchasing model (including supplier selection evaluation model and purchase batch model) is helpful to reduce the purchasing cost of the enterprise and can effectively help the automobile enterprise to realize the large-scale customization as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.471;F274
本文编号：2418835
[Abstract]:With the increasing diversification of consumer demand and the continuous upgrading of automotive production technology, automotive enterprises are facing a rapidly growing and complex and changeable consumer market, with high efficiency. Low-cost mass customization is bound to be the future road of automobile enterprises. In order to realize mass customization, automobile enterprises need to dig deeply into the purchasing management of supply chain. Many researches and facts show that the purchasing cost occupies a large proportion in the supply chain system of automobile enterprises. Therefore, in the environment of mass customization, how to select and evaluate the suppliers in the purchasing decision and how to determine the purchase batch of auto parts can improve the competition ability and reduce the cost of the whole automobile enterprise. It is important to gain more profits. This paper deeply discusses the research on mass customization, supply chain management, procurement management, supply chain management theory and procurement model, and then analyzes the purchasing characteristics of automobile enterprises. It is concluded that how to realize the punctual procurement at low cost under the circumstance of mass customization, and the key strategies are put forward: first, the strategic partnership must be established with suppliers to realize mass customization in automobile enterprises. The second is to reasonably determine the purchase volume of auto parts in order to reduce the purchase cost. Then aiming at the factors that must be taken into account in the strategic partnership between automobile enterprises and suppliers, Based on the idea of "1" (analysis and comparison between 0. 01 and 1), this paper presents an evaluation model of supplier selection for automobile enterprises in mass customization environment. In order to determine the purchase batch of auto parts reasonably, the determination of purchase batch is divided into two parts by mathematical modeling: one part is predictive purchase of auto parts, According to the characteristics of automobile mass customization, the economic order batch model is optimized, and the continuous supply and use are included in the model. The other part is the realization of JIT procurement, because of the strategic partnership with suppliers, the cost of suppliers is included and the cost of flexible loss of automobile enterprises is considered. Then the linear weighted sum method of multi-objective decision analysis is used to optimize and integrate the two parts of the model, and the procurement model under the integrated mass customization environment is analyzed by a simulation example. It is proved that the optimized model can effectively reduce the purchasing cost compared with the former two models. This paper shows that the optimized purchasing model (including supplier selection evaluation model and purchase batch model) is helpful to reduce the purchasing cost of the enterprise and can effectively help the automobile enterprise to realize the large-scale customization as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.471;F274
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