基于VMI的快速消费品库存管理研究

发布时间：2019-03-04 18:37

【摘要】：随着经济发展和顾客需求模式的不断变化,产品生命周期普遍缩短,快速消费品FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods)在市场中所占比重越来越大。由于快速消费品生命周期短、价格敏感、时令性强等特点,使该类产品的市场需求具有较大的波动性,因此加强快速消费品库存控制对有效调节供需关系具有重大意义。然而,通过对目前库存领域相关文献分析,FMCG无论在深度还是广度方面的研究,均较落后于功能性产品。此外,快速消费品的库存模型在实践中效果并不理想。因此,本文以快速消费品为研究对象,研究其在供应链环境下的库存控制问题。通过阅读大量相关文献资料及系统学习库存管理理论知识,发现在传统库存模式下,企业各自为政,都有自己的库存策略。由于策略不同、需求波动性等原因,不可避免地产生“牛鞭效应”,即需求放大现象,造成供应链库存成本增加。供应商库存管理VMI (Vendor Management Inventory)作为一种新型的库存控制策略,越来越受到企业的关注。本文就是在这样的现状下,基于供应商库存管理方法,对快速消费品库存控制进行建模研究和讨论。首先,在需求预测理论基础上结合快速消费品特点及其预测原则,采用引入销售价格和销售努力的相加型需求预测函数,以便在不同销售策略下进行更精准的需求预测。其次,在分析供应商库存管理经典模型的基础上,以获得利润最大化为主旨,针对供应商补货发货问题进一步建立基于数量和基于时间的发货策略模型,并与经典模型进行对比分析,得出结论。最后,在案例分析章节,文章选用具有代表性的快速消费品作为研究对象,通过实际调研采集数据,利用数值分析方法对速消费品库存控制模型进行验证。此外,用灵敏度分析方法研究模型中各参数发生变化时对最佳决策变量及最终利润的影响程度,并总结归纳其规律性。对管理者制定快速消费品库存控制策略提供有效的决策依据,从而提高库存模型的实用性。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the continuous change of customer demand model, the product life cycle is generally shortened, and the proportion of FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) in the market of FMCG is more and more large. Due to the characteristics of short life cycle, sensitive price and strong time, the market demand of FMCG has great volatility. Therefore, strengthening the inventory control of FMCG is of great significance to adjust the relationship between supply and demand effectively. However, through the analysis of the relevant literature in the current inventory field, FMCG lags behind the functional products in both depth and breadth. In addition, the inventory model of FMCG is not ideal in practice. Therefore, this paper studies the inventory control of FMCG under the environment of supply chain. Through reading a large number of relevant documents and systematically learning the theoretical knowledge of inventory management, it is found that under the traditional inventory mode, enterprises have their own inventory strategies. Due to different strategies, demand volatility and other reasons, the bullwhip effect is inevitable, that is, the demand magnification phenomenon, resulting in an increase in supply chain inventory costs. As a new inventory control strategy, Vendor inventory Management (VMI (Vendor Management Inventory) has been paid more and more attention by enterprises. In this paper, based on the Vendor inventory management method, this paper studies and discusses the inventory control of fast moving consumer goods (FMCG). Firstly, on the basis of demand forecasting theory, combined with the characteristics of FMCG and its forecasting principle, the additive demand forecasting function, which introduces sales price and sales effort, is adopted in order to carry out more accurate demand forecasting under different sales strategies. Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the classical model of Vendor inventory management, aiming at maximizing profit, a quantity-based and time-based delivery strategy model is established for supplier replenishment delivery. Compared with the classical model, the conclusion is drawn. Finally, in the chapter of case analysis, the paper chooses the representative FMCG as the research object, collects the data through the actual investigation, and uses the numerical analysis method to verify the inventory control model of the fast-moving consumer goods. In addition, the sensitivity analysis method is used to study the influence degree of each parameter on the optimal decision variables and the final profit of the model, and its regularity is summarized. It provides effective decision-making basis for managers to make inventory control strategy of fast-moving consumer goods, so as to improve the practicability of inventory model.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F224;F274

【共引文献】