考虑风险的第三方回收再制造闭环供应链研究

发布时间：2019-06-28 16:10

【摘要】：近几年来,随着我国科学技术的飞速发展以及人们经济生活水平的不断提高,很多产品的更新换代的速度日益提高,生命周期也越来越短,导致了资源浪费与环境问题越来越严重。因此,发展废旧品的回收与再制造的闭环供应链运营模式刻不容缓,其不但带来可观经济的价值,而且能促进社会与环境效益的提高。但是,鉴于闭环供应链中的参与者彼此之间联系紧密、复杂,各个节点企业的风险性不同,因此供应链的系统有很大脆弱性,易受各种供应链不确定性以及风险性地攻击。且在回收与再制造废旧品的闭环供应链中,节点企业想让自己利益实现最大化,此种决策的分散性会导致整条的供应链的运作绩效与整体利润没办法达到最优,使得闭环供应链失调。所以,设计与研究考虑风险的闭环的供应链中节点的企业间协调的契约机制,对提升整个的闭环的供应链整体的绩效有极大重要的现实与理论意义。本文以导师的自然科学基金项目作为选题的背景,综合采用期望效用理论、机会约束理论和博弈论作为研究工具,主要采用了定量分析的研究方法。考虑到闭环供应链中各个节点的企业风险偏好,多角度分析由零售商驱动的,且由第三方回收的再制造闭环供应链契约协调的问题。首先分析了在研究考虑风险情况下第三方回收再制造闭环供应链的契约协调运作问题的意义以及发展现状,分析了与闭环供应链协调有关的理论基础,为后来的研究提供理论依据。然后,讨论了在供应链的参与方均为风险规避型情况之下,运用均值-方差的模型量化其参与方的期望效用。经过分别研究集中决策与分散决策情形下的第三方回收企业、零售商企业和制造商企业间的相互博弈关系,发现了在分散决策情形下,闭环供应链整体效益不能实现最大和最优。最后,在考虑参与者风险和零售商驱动等多种情况影响下,建立了单一第三方回收的收益费用共享契约模型(零售商与制造商分享共同的收益,第三方回收企业与制造商企业分担回收费用,使得供应链中的订购量和回收价格也达到了最优水平。最后,通过运用了MATLAB仿真的研究以及灵敏度分析和数值分析等方法,验证了供应链的契约有效性。构建的零售商驱动的第三方回收与再制造的闭环供应链的契约模型不仅能使废旧品之回收数量相应地增多,实现了系统地协调,而且节约了自然和社会的资源、减少环境的污染,提高了供应链各参与方合作积极性与期望效用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's economic living standards, the renewal speed of many products is increasing day by day, and the life cycle is getting shorter and shorter, which leads to more and more serious problems of resource waste and environment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the closed-loop supply chain operation mode of recycling and remanufacturing of waste products, which can not only bring considerable economic value, but also promote the improvement of social and environmental benefits. However, because the participants in the closed-loop supply chain are closely related to each other and complex, and the risks of each node enterprise are different, the supply chain system has great vulnerability and is vulnerable to various supply chain uncertainties and risks. And in the closed-loop supply chain of recycling and remanufacturing waste products, node enterprises want to maximize their own interests, the dispersion of this kind of decision will lead to the operation performance and overall profit of the whole supply chain can not be optimized, which makes the closed-loop supply chain out of balance. Therefore, it is of great practical and theoretical significance to design and study the contract mechanism of inter-enterprise coordination between nodes in the closed-loop supply chain considering risk, which is of great practical and theoretical significance to improve the overall performance of the whole closed-loop supply chain. Based on the background of the natural science fund project of the tutor, this paper adopts the expected utility theory, the opportunity constraint theory and the game theory as the research tools, and mainly adopts the quantitative analysis research method. Considering the enterprise risk preference of each node in the closed-loop supply chain, the contract coordination of the remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain driven by the retailers and recycled by the third party is analyzed from many angles. Firstly, the significance and development status of contract coordination operation of third party recovery and remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain are analyzed, and the theoretical basis related to closed-loop supply chain coordination is analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent research. Then, under the condition that the participants in the supply chain are risk-averse, the mean-variance model is used to quantify the expected utility of the participants. Through the study of the game relationship among the third party recovery enterprises, retailers and manufacturers in the case of centralized decision and decentralized decision, it is found that the overall benefit of the closed loop supply chain can not be maximized and optimized in the case of decentralized decision. Finally, under the influence of participant risk and retail drive, a single third party recovery revenue cost sharing contract model is established (retailers share common benefits with manufacturers, third party recovery enterprises share recovery costs with manufacturers, so that the order quantity and recovery price in the supply chain also reach the optimal level. Finally, the contract effectiveness of supply chain is verified by using the research of MATLAB simulation, sensitivity analysis and numerical analysis. The contract model of the closed-loop supply chain driven by retailers not only increases the recovery quantity of waste products and realizes systematic coordination, but also saves natural and social resources, reduces environmental pollution, and improves the cooperation enthusiasm and expected utility of the participants in the supply chain. The contract model can not only increase the recovery quantity of waste products and achieve systematic coordination, but also save natural and social resources, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the cooperation enthusiasm and expected utility of all participants in the supply chain.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274

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