考虑营运公交车辆的大型场馆公交应急救援调度研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 12:17

本文关键词： 突发事件应急救援公交调度大型场馆　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，各类突发事件频繁发生，特别是在人群密集的大型场馆，时刻威胁着人们的生命财产安全。随着我国经济的发展以及国际影响力的提升，更多的大型活动和大型赛事落户中国，，对我国大型场馆的安全问题提出了新的要求。利用公交系统的应急疏散方案，是解决我国的大型场馆应急疏散问题最行之有效的方法之一。当大型场馆发生突发事件时，如何通过合理的选择和调度公交车资源，从而缩短公交车前往场馆救援的时间，为整体疏散争取宝贵的时间，是当前的城市公交应急管理所面临的重要问题。本文针对大型场馆发生突发事件,对考虑营运公交车辆情况下的公交应急救援调度进行了优化研究。首先，通过对以往的公交应急调度方法的研究，指出了救援公交车资源不足以及驻车点距离场馆较远是影响应以往公交急救援效率的主要因素。本文提出将营运公交车辆引入救援公交车辆的选择范围，可以有效解决上述两个问题。其次，本文对考虑营运公交车辆的大型场馆公交应急调度问题进行了详细的阐述，介绍了应急救援调度过程中救援公交车辆的信息获取和选择方法。同时，对考虑营运公交车辆的大型场馆公交应急调度的影响因素进行了分析，指出待疏散人员行为、救援公交车性能、最小行程距离以及营运公交车状态是公交应急救援调度的主要影响因素。然后，利用拓扑结构对本文所研究的问题进行抽象描述，分别建立了仅考虑驻车点、仅考虑营运公交车辆以及综合考虑驻车点和营运公交车辆的大型场馆公交应急救援调度的数学模型。此外，通过对调度模型的改进，本文设计了考虑营运公交车辆的公交应急救援调度模型的有效求解算法。最后，结合哈尔滨市国际会展体育中心给出仿真案例，通过Lingo软件对本文中的算例进行了求解，验证了的算法可行性。通过对仅考虑驻车点公交车辆、仅考虑营运公交车辆、以及综合考虑营运公交车辆和驻车点内公交车辆的大型场馆公交应急救援调度模型计算结果的对比分析，发现综合考虑营运公交车和驻车点内公交车辆充当临时救援公交车辆，能够有效缩短救援清空时间，更快的满足救援需求，缓解救援点内待疏散人员拥挤情况，提高应急疏散的整体效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a variety of emergencies occur frequently, especially in the crowded large venues, which always threaten the safety of people's lives and property. With the development of our economy and the promotion of international influence. More large-scale events and events have settled in China, which has put forward new requirements for the safety of large stadiums and gymnasiums in China. The emergency evacuation scheme of public transport system is used. It is one of the most effective methods to solve the problem of emergency evacuation of large gymnasiums in China. In order to shorten the time of bus rescue to the stadiums and save precious time for the whole evacuation, it is an important problem that the city bus emergency management faces. In this paper, the optimization of bus emergency rescue dispatch considering the operation of public transport vehicles is studied. First of all, through the previous bus emergency dispatch method research. It is pointed out that the shortage of the rescue bus resources and the distance between the parking points and the stadiums are the main factors that affect the efficiency of emergency rescue of public transport in the past. These two problems can be solved effectively. Secondly, this paper gives a detailed description of the bus emergency scheduling problem of large stadiums and stadiums considering the operation of public transport vehicles, and introduces the information acquisition and selection methods of public transport rescue vehicles in the process of emergency rescue and dispatch. This paper analyzes the influencing factors of bus emergency dispatch in large stadiums and gymnasiums, and points out the behavior of evacuees and the performance of rescue buses. The minimum travel distance and the operating bus condition are the main influencing factors of bus emergency rescue dispatch. Then, the problems studied in this paper are described abstractly by topological structure, and only parking points are established. The mathematical model of bus emergency rescue and rescue in large stadiums and stadiums considering only the operation of public transport vehicles and the comprehensive consideration of parking points and operating buses. In addition, the improvement of the dispatching model is made. In this paper, an effective solution algorithm for public transport emergency rescue scheduling model considering the operation of public transport vehicles is designed. Finally, combined with Harbin International Conference and Exhibition Sports Center to give a simulation case, through the Lingo software to solve the case in this paper. Verify the feasibility of the algorithm. Only consider the parking point of bus vehicles, only consider the operation of public transport vehicles. And the comparative analysis of the calculation results of the bus emergency dispatch model of large stadiums considering the operation of public transport vehicles and the bus vehicles in the parking points. It is found that the comprehensive consideration of the operation of the bus and the bus in the parking point as temporary relief bus can effectively shorten the time of rescue emptying, meet the rescue needs more quickly, and alleviate the crowded situation of evacuees in the rescue site. Improve the overall efficiency of emergency evacuation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U492.22

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