基于烦恼率模型的大型体育场看台结构的舒适度研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 14:20

  本文关键词： 看台结构 动力特性 舒适度评价 烦恼率 AHP-模糊综合评定法　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会的进步、技术的更新,体育场、车站站台等建筑逐渐朝着轻柔、大跨、低频的方向发展,使得结构基频与人活动频率接近,振动强烈,容易产生舒适性问题甚至产生危险,酿成事故。因此人致荷载对结构的作用问题越来越引起学者的重视。另一方面,随着人类对于精神生活要求的提升,比赛、演唱会等文体活动增多,使得体育场的需求持续增加,体育场馆作为人群集中,且使用频率高的建筑结构,其振动舒适度问题显得尤为重要,亟需被研究和探讨。本文基于上述问题进行了数值模拟、实测和理论分析的工作,通过数值模拟和实测研究静止人群和人群动载作用下结构动力特性的变化,并进行舒适度评价;对烦恼率模型进行改进,基于改进的烦恼率模型评价结构舒适度并进行结构优化设计,然后针对看台结构做出相应分析;最后,利用层次分析法和模糊综合判定法来考虑多因素评价看台结构舒适度。主要内容如下:1.进行哈尔滨会展中心体育场看台结构的数值模拟分析,建立有限元模型,并进行模态分析,得到频率值,与实测结果对比,误差在允许范围内,证明了模型的正确性。进行人群荷载作用下结构动力响应分析,得到加速度响应分布规律,并可据此确定实测测点位置。2.实测看台结构在静止人群和人群动载作用下的速度、加速度时程曲线,利用随机子空间法进行频谱分析,得到空载和人群静载作用下结构的频率值,总结静止人群作用下看台动力特性的变化。计算动载作用下的振动评价量,通过模拟和实测对比验证了实测的有效性和实测结果的可信性,按不同舒适度评价标准来评价看台舒适度,并比较不同参数对看台舒适度的影响,得到相应结论。3.针对现有烦恼率模型提出改进方法,主要为隶属度函数的改进,用k次型抛物线隶属度函数形式代替梯形型函数形式,此隶属度函数优于原函数。综合隶属度和人感受差异性给出烦恼率计算公式和烦恼率曲线,用对数正态分布累积函数近似拟合烦恼率曲线,拟合结果较好。基于烦恼率改进模型提出振动舒适度设计方法并进行结构优化分析,然后给出一个相关计算算例,最后基于改进的烦恼率模型评价看台结构振动舒适度。4.考虑多因素评价舒适度,包括振动、温度、噪声。利用层次分析法确定权重,分发95份调查问卷,回收问卷并进行一致性处理,得到不同因素的权重值。给出用模糊综合评定方法评价舒适度的计算公式,并说明振动的定量化划分基准。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society and the renewal of technology, buildings such as stadiums, stations and platforms are gradually developing towards the direction of soft, long span and low frequency, which makes the fundamental frequency of the structure close to the frequency of human activity and strong vibration. It is easy to produce comfort problems and even dangerous accidents. Therefore, the effect of man-made loads on structures has attracted more and more attention of scholars. On the other hand, with the improvement of human spiritual life requirements, the competition. Concert and other sports activities increase the demand for stadiums continues to increase the stadium as a crowd concentration and the use of high frequency of the building structure its vibration comfort is particularly important. Based on the work of numerical simulation, real measurement and theoretical analysis, the dynamic characteristics of structure under the action of static crowd and crowd under dynamic load are studied by numerical simulation and real measurement. And evaluation of comfort; The vexation rate model is improved, based on the improved vexation rate model, the comfort degree of the structure is evaluated and the structural optimization design is carried out, and then the corresponding analysis is made for the structure of the stands. Finally, using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive judgment method to consider the multiple factors to evaluate the comfort of stands. The main contents are as follows: 1. Numerical simulation analysis of stands structure of Harbin Convention and Exhibition Center Stadium. The finite element model is established and modal analysis is carried out to get the frequency value. Compared with the measured results, the error is within the allowable range, which proves the correctness of the model. The dynamic response analysis of the structure under crowd load is carried out. The distribution law of acceleration response can be obtained, and the position of measured measuring points can be determined accordingly. The velocity and acceleration time history curve of the structure of the observation stand under the action of static crowd and crowd dynamic load are obtained. By using the random subspace method, the frequency values of the structure under the action of no-load and crowd static load are obtained, and the changes of the dynamic characteristics of the stands under the action of the static crowd are summarized. The vibration evaluation quantity under the action of the dynamic load is calculated. The validity of the test and the credibility of the measured results are verified by the comparison of simulation and actual measurement. The comfort of the stands is evaluated according to different comfort evaluation criteria, and the influence of different parameters on the comfort of the stands is compared. To get the corresponding conclusion. 3. According to the existing annoyance rate model, an improved method is put forward, mainly for the improvement of membership function, using k-type parabola membership function form to replace the trapezoidal function form. This membership function is superior to the original function. The calculation formula and the worry rate curve are given by synthesizing the membership degree and the difference of human feelings. The logarithmic normal distribution cumulative function is used to approximate fit the worry rate curve. Based on the improved model of worry rate, the design method of vibration comfort degree is put forward and the structural optimization analysis is carried out, and a related calculation example is given. Finally, based on the improved annoyance rate model to evaluate the vibration comfort of the stands structure. 4. Consider the multiple factors to evaluate the comfort, including vibration, temperature, noise. Use AHP to determine the weight, and distribute 95 questionnaires. The weight value of different factors is obtained by collecting the questionnaire and the consistency processing. The calculation formula of evaluating comfort degree by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is given and the quantification criterion of vibration is explained.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU31
，

本文编号：1487591