幼儿园绘画教学中范画使用问题探讨

发布时间：2018-04-22 07:26

本文选题：幼儿教育 + 绘画教学　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在幼儿园美术教学实践中,绘画活动中是否使用范画,如何使用范画一直是颇有争议的问题。一方面,理论上范画会限制孩子的思维,造成“千画一面”,仔细观察幼儿园里和各种展览上的作品,会发现模式化倾向非常严重,几乎都可以看到教师教给幼儿的关于某种事物的特定画法。这种做法会限制幼儿自身的想象力和造成脱离了范画就不会画了的情况。另一方面,实践中范画很好用,省心省力,效果还好。教师只要将画某种事物的主要步骤分解给幼儿看,幼儿就会依样画葫芦。在此基础上稍作加工,就会有成人喜欢的效果。2012年教育部颁布了《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》,其在艺术领域的教育建议中提出:“幼儿绘画时,不宜提供范画,特别不应要求幼儿完全按照范画来画。”那么教师教学时要不要提供范画呢?怎样提供范画?基于这种困惑,以及《指南》背景下美术活动的变革,以“幼儿绘画教学活动中范画使用探讨”为题进行研究,希望解答教学实践中关于范画使用的困惑,为幼儿绘画教学活动的改进提供参考。本研究首先分析了范画使用的价值和意义,然后对绘画教学中范画使用的现状进行调查,指出其中存在的问题,并分析问题背后的原因,接着对合理使用范画的原则初步厘定,尝试无示范背景下幼儿绘画教学活动,以期为幼儿绘画教学中范画的合理使用提供有益的借鉴。本文共分四个部分:第一部分为导论,主要概述范画使用问题探讨的研究背景,阐明本研究的目的与意义,并对相关文献进行整理与综述,界定范画使用的概念、特点及其理论依据,最后介绍本研究的思路与方法。第二部分对范画使用的历史渊源和价值进行说明。首先概述我国幼儿园范画使用的历史渊源,并阐明范画使用的价值。第三部分是范画使用现状的调查及问题分析,以自然观察的方式收集不同年龄段幼儿美术课堂的资料,同时通过访谈的形式收集多名美术老师对范画使用的看法,从而找出目前绘画教学中范画使用存在的问题,并对这些问题进行了深入剖析。这些问题集中表现为范画使用的目的狭隘,范画的频率过高、强度过大,范画实施的主体单一,教师范画教学时的语言和态度需要改进。随后,对造成这些问题的原因进行分析。第四部分对如何合理使用范画开展绘画教学进行探讨。阐明合理使用范画的原则和方法,同时对无示范背景下的绘画教学实践策略进行了初步探讨,呈现了相关教学案例以及实践过程中应注意的问题。
[Abstract]:In kindergarten art teaching practice, whether to use the model painting in the painting activity and how to use the model painting has always been a controversial issue. On the one hand, on the one hand, in theory, the model painting will restrict the child's thinking, resulting in a "thousand paintings". A careful examination of the works in the kindergarten and various exhibitions will show a very serious tendency to be stylized. Almost all can see the teacher teach a child about a certain thing specific drawing method. This will limit the child's own imagination and create a situation without painting. On the other hand, the practice model painting is very good, save mind and effort, the effect is good. As long as the teacher divides the main steps of drawing something to the child, the child will draw the gourd. In 2012, the Ministry of Education issued a Guide for Learning and Development of Children aged 3-6 years, which states in its educational recommendations in the field of art: "when young children draw, it is not appropriate to provide a model painting." In particular, children should not be required to draw in full accordance with the model painting. " Then should the teacher provide the model painting when teaching? How can I provide a model painting? Based on this confusion and the change of art activities under the background of "Guide", this paper studies on the topic of "probing into the use of Fan painting in the Teaching activities of Young Children's painting", hoping to solve the puzzles about the use of Fan painting in teaching practice. To provide a reference for the improvement of children's painting teaching activities. This study first analyzes the value and significance of the use of Fan painting, then investigates the current situation of the use of Fan painting in painting teaching, points out the existing problems, and analyzes the reasons behind the problems. This paper attempts to provide useful reference for the rational use of normal painting in the teaching of children's painting in the light of the teaching activities of young children's painting without demonstration. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly summarizes the research background of the use of Fan painting, clarifies the purpose and significance of this study, and summarizes the relevant literature, defines the concept of the use of Fan painting. Features and theoretical basis, and finally introduces the ideas and methods of this study. The second part explains the historical origin and value of the use of Fan painting. First of all, it summarizes the historical origin of the use of the kindergarten model painting, and clarifies the value of the use of the model painting. The third part is the investigation and problem analysis of the current situation of the use of Fan painting, collecting the materials of children of different ages in art classroom by natural observation, and collecting the views of many art teachers on the use of Fan painting through the form of interviews. In order to find out the existing problems in painting teaching, and deeply analyze these problems. These problems focus on the narrow purpose of the use of fan painting, the high frequency and intensity of the model painting, the single subject of the practice of the model painting, and the language and attitude of the teachers in the teaching of the model painting need to be improved. Then, the causes of these problems are analyzed. The fourth part discusses how to use normal painting reasonably to develop painting teaching. This paper expounds the principles and methods of rational use of normal painting, and at the same time makes a preliminary discussion on the practical strategies of painting teaching under the background of no demonstration, and presents some relevant teaching cases and problems to be paid attention to in the course of practice.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G613.6

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