山东地区办公建筑自然通风的节能分析及舒适性探讨

发布时间：2018-05-17 00:07

  本文选题：自然通风 + 建筑节能　； 参考：《山东建筑大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 由于传统封闭式空调带来的室内空气品质的下降以及建筑可持续发展的需要,自然通风这种传统的通风方式重新成为研究热点。合理地利用自然通风可以降低能耗,甚至不消耗能耗,并且能提供新鲜空气,改善室内空气品质,满足人们对舒适健康室内环境的需求。 根据国内外对自然通风的研究方法及研究现状,分析了现阶段自然通风潜力的各评价指标。就济南地区办公建筑自然通风潜力进行分析,并从室外气象各参数,包括温度、相对湿度、风速风向,太阳辐射等,以及室内不同的得热量来评价通风潜力,得出在室外气象参数一定时,室内得热量越大用来消除余热余湿的通风换气量越大,通风有效性越低,其自然通风潜力越小。 本文对部分办公建筑夏季及过渡季的热环境进行调查和实测,得到了济南市室内热舒适温度与室外气温的回归方程,tc=0.292tw+17.402。根据回归方程及适应性舒适模型80%接受率得出自然通风工况下热舒适温度范围,得到济南市自然通风工况下舒适温度点28.3℃。一定程度上拓宽了室内舒适温度区18℃-26℃,节约了夏季的空调能耗。 针对济南市某八层办公建筑建立建筑模型,通过Dest能耗软件对其冷热能耗进行逐时动态模拟。研究了通风换气次数、通风时间段对室温及空调温度的影响,结论表明济南地区夜间通风换气次数已3次/h为宜,再增加换气次数对降低白天空调能耗没有多大意义,夜间通风时间段对室温及空调温度影响较小。分析了不同朝向、不同楼层的自然室温的分布规律；分析了采用夜间通风和不采用夜间通风时的全年逐时单位建筑面积空调冷热负荷的变化曲线,指出采用夜间通风能将全年逐时单位建筑面积空调冷负荷由140 w/m2降低到120 w/m2。节能效果非常明显。通过三种不同工况的模拟比较,得出c3工况及夜间通风室内空调温度设定28.3℃最经济,整个空调季可节省电费14.7万。 通过Airpak软件对整个办公建筑的风环境进行模拟,在夏季风向为西南风,风速为2.8m/s时得到建筑迎风面及背风面的压强及风速分布。一层二层为展览厅及门厅空间,可以形成良好的穿堂风。3层以上为标准层,取第四层的整个办公区进行模拟,从速度场、温度场、空气龄及PMV场分析室内的热环境。在内门不打开及走廊内侧无高窗时的热环境较差,气流速度温度不均匀,北向房间空气滞留时间长,冷热对比明显。通过在走廊内侧墙上开高窗改善了办公区的热环境,风速温度都较均匀,适宜纸面作业,空气新鲜,且PMV在-0.452413-0.530547之间,舒适性较好,也有利于提高工作效率。 本项目得到山东省教育厅科技项目《山东地区公共建筑自然通风节能潜力及评价指标体系研究》的资助,项目编号：J09LE10。
[Abstract]:Due to the decline of indoor air quality caused by traditional closed air conditioning and the need of sustainable development of buildings, the traditional ventilation mode of natural ventilation has become a hot research topic again. Reasonable use of natural ventilation can reduce energy consumption, even not consume energy consumption, and can provide fresh air, improve indoor air quality, and meet the needs of people for comfortable and healthy indoor environment. According to the research methods and present situation of natural ventilation at home and abroad, the evaluation indexes of natural ventilation potential at present are analyzed. This paper analyzes the natural ventilation potential of office buildings in Jinan, and evaluates the ventilation potential from outdoor meteorological parameters, including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, and different indoor heat. It is concluded that when the outdoor meteorological parameters are fixed, the larger indoor heat is used to eliminate residual heat and moisture, the greater the ventilation capacity is, and the lower the ventilation effectiveness is, the smaller the natural ventilation potential is. In this paper, the thermal environment of some office buildings in summer and transition season is investigated and measured, and the regression equation of indoor thermal comfort temperature and outdoor temperature is obtained, which is 0.292tw 17.402. According to regression equation and adaptive comfort model, the temperature range of thermal comfort under natural ventilation was obtained, and the comfortable temperature point of Jinan under natural ventilation was obtained at 28.3 鈩，

本文编号：1899010