丝绸文物上植物染料的模拟光老化研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 09:21

本文选题：植物染料 + 光老化　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：丝绸文物是中华民族的重要文化遗产,是研究古代文化的重要实物资料。但因其质地脆弱在展览过程中易于发生光老化现象。丝绸文物的光老化首先体现为表面染料的褪色,因此亟需采取措施来避免其褪色的发生。为保护这些宝贵的丝绸文物,本研究设计了一系列光老化实验来研究各色染料耐光性能,选取了古代比较有代表性的七种染料—黄檗、槐米、栀子、紫草、青黛、苏木、茜草,对真丝电力纺进行染色,然后研究这些染色丝绸的光老化性能,分为紫外加速老化和常规模拟老化两方面,并用高效液相色谱法对染料光老化的内在规律和机理进行了深入的分析。七种染料的紫外加速光老化与卤素灯、LED灯的常规模拟老化褪色规律基本一致,说明利用紫外加速光老化来模拟研究博物馆光照环境下的染料老化是可行的,确定了紫外加速光老化与卤素灯光老化的对应关系。紫外加速老化对各染料的褪色规律进行了全面分析,得到了从起始光老化到褪色终点的完整曲线,并研究了紫外间断老化与连续老化的区别。常规模拟老化主要对比了LED灯与卤素灯对染料光老化的差异,分析了荧光灯对丝绸的照明效果。LED灯的能量主要集中在450nm波段和550~600nm波段,对于吸收上述波段能量的染料破坏非常严重,不适用于丝绸展品的照明;荧光灯在450nm波段的蓝光处及550~650nm波段附近也有集中的能量分布,所以荧光灯也不适合用于丝绸文物展品的照明;卤素灯是非常适合用于色彩丰富的丝绸展品的照明,但其红外部分含量过高,提出采用冷光镜或红外反射膜降低光源的红外辐射,从而使其更适合于脆弱丝绸展品的照明。通过卤素灯模拟光老化实验,得到了各染料的诱导期颜色突变点,并计算得到了该点处的曝光总量。丝绸文物的展览控制在其突变点曝光总量之内,即可有效避免颜色的变化。不同染料的在突变点处的曝光总量也是各不相同的,黄檗:30000 lx·h;紫草:60000 lx·h;栀子:100000 lx·h;苏木:200000 lx·h;青黛:300000 lx·h;茜草:300000 lx·h。用高效液相色谱法鉴定了各种染料主要色素成分,得到了其色素成分随时间的变化曲线,图谱分析表明色谱峰的变化与色差变化一致非常好。在此基础上建立了一种利用高效液相色谱法对丝绸文物上染料的光老化程度做精确的定量分析手段:利用色谱峰面积的变化定量分析不同染料的光老化程度,尤其是当丝织品文物糟朽或表面不平整时,无法测其色差时,可通过液相色谱来进行定量的测试,取样量少且灵敏度高;提出了靛蓝染料光老化的反应机理:靛蓝在氧自由基的攻击下,生成过氧化物中间体,过氧化物中间体不稳定,迅速裂解生成靛红;利用该机理可对靛蓝染色织物的保护提供更多的理论支持。
[Abstract]:Silk cultural relic is an important cultural heritage of the Chinese nation and an important material for studying ancient culture. However, because of its weak texture in the exhibition process prone to light aging phenomenon. The first manifestation of light aging of silk relics is the fading of surface dyes, so it is urgent to take measures to avoid the fading of silk relics. In order to protect these precious silk relics, a series of photoaging experiments were designed to study the light resistance of various dyes. Seven kinds of dyestuffs, yellow berberine, Sophora japonica, Gardenia jasminoides, purple herb, green dai, sapphire, alizarin, were selected from ancient times. The dyed silk electric spinning was dyed, and then the photoaging properties of the dyed silk were studied, which were divided into two aspects: ultraviolet accelerated aging and conventional simulated aging. The inherent law and mechanism of dye photoaging were analyzed by HPLC. UV accelerated photoaging of seven dyes is basically consistent with that of conventional simulated aging fading of halogen lamps and LED lamps. It is feasible to simulate and study the aging of dyes under museum illumination by using UV accelerated photoaging. The relationship between UV accelerated photoaging and halogen lamp photoaging was determined. The decoloration law of each dye was comprehensively analyzed by accelerated ultraviolet aging, and the complete curve from initial light aging to fading end point was obtained, and the difference between ultraviolet intermittent aging and continuous aging was studied. The difference between LED lamp and halogen lamp in dye light aging was compared, and the lighting effect of fluorescent lamp on silk was analyzed. The energy of fluorescent lamp was mainly concentrated in 450nm band and 550~600nm band. For the dyes absorbing the energy of the above band, the damage is very serious and it is not suitable for the lighting of silk exhibits. Fluorescent lamps also have concentrated energy distribution in the blue region of the 450nm band and in the vicinity of the 550~650nm band. Therefore, fluorescent lamps are not suitable for lighting silk relics exhibits; halogen lamps are very suitable for lighting colorful silk exhibits, but their infrared content is too high. A cold mirror or infrared reflection film is proposed to reduce the infrared radiation of the light source, which makes it more suitable for the illumination of fragile silk exhibits. By simulating the photoaging experiment of halogen lamp, the color mutation point of each dye during induction period was obtained, and the total exposure amount of the spot was calculated. Silk relics exhibit within the total exposure of its mutation point, you can effectively avoid color change. The total exposure of different dyes at the mutation point is different, Huang: 30000lx h; Laver: 60000lx h; Gardenia jasminoides: 100000 LX h; Sappa chinensis: 200000lx hh; Chingdai: 300000lx h.; Rubidium cordifolia: 300000lx h. The main pigment components of various dyes were identified by HPLC, and the curve of the changes of pigment components with time was obtained. The chromatogram analysis showed that the change of chromatographic peak was in good agreement with the change of color difference. On this basis, an accurate quantitative analysis method for the degree of photoaging of dyes on silk cultural relics was established by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): the variation of chromatographic peak area was used to quantitatively analyze the photoaging degree of different dyes. Especially when the silkcloth is rotten or the surface is not smooth, the color difference can be measured quantitatively by liquid chromatography, and the sampling amount is small and the sensitivity is high. The reaction mechanism of photoaging of indigo dyes was put forward. Under the attack of oxygen free radicals, indigo produced peroxide intermediates, which were unstable and rapidly cracked to produce indigo red. This mechanism can provide more theoretical support for the protection of indigo dyed fabrics.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TS193.1

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