基于城市设计理论的奥林匹克公园开发研究

发布时间：2018-08-29 13:34

【摘要】：历经百年发展,城市文明化育下的奥运会被赋予了更多的政治意涵、经济价值和文化关切,俨然成为城市大事件。因为奥林匹克公园开发的全过程(筹建、使用及赛后利用)均围绕城市事件——奥运会延展开来,奥林匹克公园扮演着奥运会与主办城市之间最大交互平台的角色,所以奥林匹克公园自然成为奥运会调整城市空间、集成城市功能、延续城市文脉的结点。在后奥运时期,如何充分开掘蕴藏于奥林匹克公园中的运动场馆、开放绿地、写字楼、展览馆、博物馆、公共艺术中心、居住区等物质资源,以及由跌宕起伏的赛时情感体验和赛后记忆所生发的场所感和认同感为主体的精神资源,已成为破解城市开发的现实难关。本研究试图借助城市设计理论工具,重构奥林匹克公园开发的整体图式。本研究运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法和个案研究法,得到如下结论： 1)奥林匹克公园开发和城市设计理论构成了本研究的基本语境。奥林匹克公园开发是指从调整城市物质空间、优化集成城市功能、接续城市文脉等三维度,对奥林匹克公园这片公共游憩空间进行开发的实践过程。 2)追溯奥林匹克史,现存与在建奥林匹克公园共12个。其形成与演进可分为5个时期：酝酿期、初步形成期、缓慢发展期、波动发展期和稳定发展期。 3)在调整物质空间方面,奥林匹克公园开发包括选址、土地利用和空间结构安排。将选址和土地利用捆绑,可总结出三种模式：一是选址市内,土地单一使用；二是选址市郊,非营利性土地用途增加：三是选址市郊,土地混合使用。空间结构分为传统结构组织模式和现代结构组织模式。 4)在优化集成城市功能方面,奥林匹克公园开发通过以运动休闲功能为核心,以游憩功能带动多种功能优化配置来实现城市功能集成。公园多种功能优化配置的途径有：挖潜游憩功能是核心,开发商务功能是动力,支持会展功能是保障,拓展居住功能是趋向。 5)在构建“场所”、形成文脉方面,奥林匹克公园开发通过构筑城市标志物和构筑文化教育场所,串联城市历史、现实与未来,形成一条割不断的城市文脉。 6)初步描绘奥林匹克公园开发的“应然样貌”——应秉持整体观、人文观、发展观,设立与自然和谐、与社会同步、与技术共生的日标,体现出土地混合使用、CBD-RBD融合发展和延续城市文脉的发展趋势。 7)历届奥林匹克公园的开发利用等经验将在更多城市落地,带来城市开发的新理念和模式。
[Abstract]:After a hundred years of development, the Olympic Games, brought up by urban civilization, has been endowed with more political implications, economic values and cultural concerns, and has become a major urban event. Because the entire process of Olympic Park development (preparation, use and post-match utilization) extends around the city event-the Olympic Games, the Olympic Park acts as the largest platform for interaction between the Olympic Games and the host city. Therefore, the Olympic Park naturally becomes the node of the Olympic Games to adjust the urban space, integrate the urban functions and continue the urban context. In the post-Olympic period, how to fully excavate the material resources such as sports venues, open green spaces, office buildings, exhibition halls, museums, public art centers, residential areas and so on, which are contained in the Olympic Park, And the spiritual resources which are made by the emotional experience of the game time and the place feeling and identity created by the post-match memory have become the realistic difficulties in solving the urban development. This study attempts to reconstruct the overall schema of Olympic Park development with the aid of urban design theory tools. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the development of Olympic Park and the theory of urban design constitute the basic context of this study. The development of Olympic Park refers to the three dimensions of adjusting the urban material space, optimizing the integration of urban functions, and continuing the context of the city. The practice of developing the public recreation space of the Olympic Park. 2) tracing back to the Olympic history, there are 12 Olympic parks in existence and under construction. Its formation and evolution can be divided into five periods: brewing period, initial forming period, slow developing period, fluctuating developing period and stable developing period. 3) in the aspect of adjusting material space, the development of Olympic Park includes site selection. Land use and spatial structure arrangement. The combination of site selection and land use can be summed up into three models: one is siting the city, the other is the single use of the land, the other is the location of the suburb, the increase of the non-profit land use, and the third is the location of the suburb, the mixed use of the land. The spatial structure is divided into the traditional structure organization mode and the modern structure organization mode. 4) in the aspect of optimizing the integrated city function, the Olympic Park develops by taking the sports and leisure function as the core. To realize the integration of urban functions, recreational functions can be used to optimize the allocation of various functions. The ways to optimize the allocation of various functions of the park are as follows: the recreational function of the park is the core, the function of developing business is the motive force, the function of supporting exhibition is the guarantee, and the function of expanding the living function is the trend. 5) in the aspect of constructing "place" and forming context, The development of the Olympic Park links the history, reality and future of the city through the construction of city markers and cultural and educational sites. Forming a continuous urban context. 6) A preliminary description of the "natural appearance" of the development of the Olympic Park should be based on a view of the whole, the humanities, the concept of development, the establishment of a day standard of harmony with nature, synchronization with society, and symbiosis with technology. The development of CBD-RBD and continuation of the development trend of urban context. 7) the development and utilization of previous Olympic Park will fall to the ground in more cities and bring new ideas and models of urban development.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TU986.5

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