语文教育中的民俗文化渗透

发布时间：2019-04-16 20:04

【摘要】： 民俗是在人类社会长期发展中形成的,与人民生活密切相关的衣食住行、礼仪、信仰、风尚、娱乐等民间风俗习惯的总和,是经社会约定俗成并流行、传承的民间文化模式,是一种文化的积淀。民俗的内容包括:物质生产民俗、物质生活民俗、社会组织民俗、岁时节日民俗、人生仪礼、民间信仰、民间科学技术、民间口头文学、民间语言、民间艺术等。五千年的文明古国孕育了丰富多彩的民俗文化。然而,民俗的教育功能,长期以来却常常被人们忽视,尤其是对青少年对民俗文化知识的教育还十分贫乏。青少年时期是人生观、价值观形成的重要阶段。民俗文化中所具有的教化作用,就是运用民俗文化所具有的约束力,对民众个体进行教育和规范,以摈弃陋习,发扬良好风气。所以,对于青少年学生,民俗文化教育有着其他学科教育不可替代的作用。将民俗文化的精华传给学生,并以此引领他们的行动,对培养他们的优良道德品质非常重要。将民俗文化纳入学校教育,可以使学生了解到中华民族的风尚、礼节、习惯,并可以在此基础上使他们正确认识中华民族的传统文化,传承中华民族的传统美德,用这些美德来帮助学生学会做人、处世,提高他们的素质。语文教材中存在着丰富多彩的民俗文化。它们作为背景材料,为人们展示了人物生活的环境;有的揭示人物的性格;有的贯穿全文、推动情节发展。语文课文中体现的独特民俗事象,为我们展示先人的各种生活习俗、精神信仰、节日习俗、人生礼俗。这些习俗经过几千年的传承和变异,在学习时,对我国优秀的民俗文化应积极汲取,对陋俗要辩清,大胆摒弃。因此,在教学中要整和民俗文化资源,培养学生对多元文化的批判力,对学生进行审美教育,培养起“大文化”、“大语文”观念。开展校园民俗文化建设,也是民俗文化渗透的一种有效途径。通过举办校园民俗文化展;开展传统节日的教育活动;民俗文化鉴赏讲座;规范校园短信文化等方式传递民俗信息,加强民俗文化建设。充分运用现代化教学手段,使民俗事象更具体化、形象化。积极探索课程实践教学活动;丰富多彩的作业训练形式;利用现代教育技术手段;参观民俗博物馆、会展等活动,培育民族精神、渗透道德教育。
[Abstract]:Folk custom, which has been formed in the long-term development of human society and is closely related to people's life, is the sum of folk customs and customs, such as clothing, accommodation, etiquette, belief, fashion, entertainment, and so on. It is a folk cultural model that has been established by society and is popular and inherited. It is the accumulation of a culture. Folk custom includes material production folk custom, material life folk custom, social organization folk custom, festival folk custom at the age of age, life ceremony, folk belief, folk science and technology, folk oral literature, folk language, folk art and so on. Five thousand years of ancient civilization gave birth to rich and colorful folk culture. However, the educational function of folk custom has been neglected for a long time, especially the education of young people to folk culture knowledge is still very poor. Adolescence is an important stage of outlook on life and the formation of values. The educational function of folk culture is to make use of the binding force of folk culture to educate and standardize the individual people in order to abandon the bad habits and carry forward the good atmosphere. Therefore, for young students, folk culture education plays an irreplaceable role in other disciplines. To pass on the essence of folk culture to students and to guide their actions is very important to cultivate their good moral qualities. The inclusion of folk culture in school education will enable students to understand the customs, etiquette and habits of the Chinese nation, and on this basis they can correctly understand the traditional culture of the Chinese nation and inherit the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Use these virtues to help students learn to be human, to live in the world and to improve their quality. There are rich and colorful folk culture in Chinese textbooks. As background materials, they show people the living environment of the characters; some reveal the character of the characters; some run through the full text to promote the development of the plot. The unique folk customs reflected in the Chinese text show us all kinds of life customs, spiritual beliefs, festival customs, life rituals and customs of our ancestors. These customs, after thousands of years of inheritance and variation, in the study of our excellent folk culture should be actively absorbed, to the bad customs should be clearly identified, boldly abandoned. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate folk culture resources in teaching, cultivate students' critical power to multiculturalism, carry on aesthetic education to students, and cultivate the concept of "big culture" and "big Chinese". The construction of campus folk culture is also an effective way to permeate folk culture. Through the organization of campus folk culture exhibition; the development of traditional festival education activities; folk culture appreciation lectures; standardization of campus short message culture to transmit folk information, strengthen the construction of folk culture. Make full use of modern teaching means to make folk customs more concrete and visualized. Actively explore the practical teaching activities of the curriculum; rich and colorful training forms of homework; use of modern educational techniques; visit folk museums, exhibitions and other activities to cultivate the spirit of the nation, permeate moral education.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G633.3

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