中国农村金融发展和企业家精神的实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 04:13

本文关键词： 农村金融发展企业家精神金融约束　出处：《武汉大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1912年,企业家精神研究领域的鼻祖人物熊彼特提出金融的本质是遴选出最具创新精神的企业家并为他们提供资金支持,从而促进经济增长。时隔几十年,国内外的学者(King和Levine,1993, Raj an和Zingales,1998,2003, Beck et al.,2000以及Demirguc-Kunt和Levine,2008等)再次聚焦金融发展和企业家精神的关系,使金融发展的理论和实证探索重新回到熊彼特关于“金融本质”的论述上来。本文基于最新的金融发展理论——“金融发展、企业家精神与经济增长”并将该理论运用到中国农村金融改革和发展中,从理论和实证层面探讨如何通过转变农村金融发展的思路,充分支持农村地区的企业家精神和农民创业活动,从而有效地促进中国农村经济的发展、农村地区收入水平的提高,最终实现城乡二元经济结构的转型。正是在这样的理论背景和现实意义下,本文第二章首先回顾了目前农村金融领域内的主要理论范式,并对其进行评判；接着,我们借鉴最新的金融发展理论——“金融发展、企业家精神和经济增长”理论,对其进行系统梳理,说明了金融发展支持企业家精神的各种渠道,揭示出“金融发展只有支持最具效率的企业家的创业和创新活动才能最好地推动经济增长,金融市场的发展应当重新回到支持企业家精神这一本质上来”。最终,我们基于最新的金融发展理论对当前的农村金融改革和发展的思路进行反思。在第三章,本文系统回顾了1978年以来中国农村金融改革和发展的历程及现状,同时对农村地区的创业活动进行了系统的衡量和评估,并最终从农村金融市场兴衰的视角揭示出农村地区企业家精神和创业活动的活跃程度变化背后的金融市场因素。在第四章,我们基于最新的“金融发展、企业家精神及经济增长”理论分析框架,重新审视和反思了现有农村金融理论和我国的农村金融改革实践,检验农村金融发展是否有利于培育农村地区的企业家精神并鼓励创业和创新。通过构建相关的理论和计量模型,利用中国2006年以来的省际面板数据对农村金融发展与农村企业家创业精神和创新精神进行实证分析得出,新一轮农村金融市场化改革对于农村地区企业家创新精神已展现出较为显著的促进作用,但是对农村地区企业家创业精神的支持相对仍显不足。最终,本章提出未来中国农村金融改革的思路和突破口。在第五章,我们进一步地从微观层面分析农村地区的金融约束是否对农民创业活动有着重要的影响及其内在的机理。首先建立金融约束下农村地区职业转换行为(自我雇佣创业)的理论分析框架,接着使用北京大学中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)的微观数据检验金融约束与农村地区创业行为和创业规模(包括雇佣规模和收入规模)之间的关系,分析金融约束是否会阻碍农村地区企业家精神的发挥以及带动和创造就业机会。
[Abstract]:In 1912, Schumpeter, the founder of entrepreneurship research, proposed that the essence of finance is to select the most innovative entrepreneurs and provide them with financial support to promote economic growth. Scholars at home and abroad, such as King and Levine 1993, Raj an and Zingales 1998,2003, Beck et al. 2000 and Demirguc-Kunt and Levine 2008 etc.) once again focus on the relationship between financial development and entrepreneurship. This paper is based on the latest theory of financial development, which is based on the theory of financial development, which is based on the theory of financial development and the empirical exploration of financial development, which is based on Schumpeter's exposition on the essence of finance. "Entrepreneurship and economic growth" and apply this theory to the rural financial reform and development of China, from the theoretical and empirical level to explore how to change the thinking of rural financial development. In order to promote the development of Chinese rural economy and raise the income level of rural areas, the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas will be transformed. It is in this theoretical background and practical significance that the second chapter first reviews the main theoretical paradigms in the field of rural finance and evaluates them. Then, we draw lessons from the latest theory of financial development-"financial development, entrepreneurship and economic growth" theory, systematically comb it, explain the various channels of financial development to support entrepreneurship. It is revealed that "financial development can best promote economic growth only by supporting entrepreneurial and innovative activities of the most efficient entrepreneurs. The development of financial market should return to the essence of supporting entrepreneurship ". Finally, based on the latest theory of financial development, we reflect on the current thinking of rural financial reform and development. In the third chapter, this paper systematically reviews the history and current situation of rural financial reform and development since 1978, and measures and evaluates the entrepreneurial activities in rural areas. Finally, from the perspective of the rise and fall of rural financial market, it reveals the financial market factors behind the change of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial activity in rural areas. In Chapter 4th, based on the latest theoretical framework of "Financial Development, Entrepreneurship and Economic growth", we re-examine and reflect on the existing rural finance theory and the rural financial reform practice in China. To test whether rural financial development is conducive to fostering entrepreneurship in rural areas and encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation through the construction of relevant theoretical and econometric models. Using the inter-provincial panel data since 2006 in China, the empirical analysis of rural financial development and entrepreneurship and innovation spirit of rural entrepreneurs is made. The new round of rural financial market-oriented reform has shown a relatively significant role in promoting entrepreneurship in rural areas, but the support for entrepreneurship in rural areas is still relatively inadequate. Finally. This chapter puts forward the train of thought and breakthrough of China's rural financial reform in the future. In Chapter 5th. We further analyze whether the financial constraints in rural areas have an important impact on farmers' entrepreneurial activities and their intrinsic mechanism from the micro level. Firstly, we establish the occupational transformation behavior in rural areas under financial constraints (. The theoretical framework of self-employment entrepreneurship. Then we use the microdata of CHARLSfrom Peking University to examine the relationship between financial constraints and entrepreneurial behavior and scale in rural areas (including employment scale and income scale). The relationship. Analysis of financial constraints will hinder the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas and promote and create employment opportunities.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.35;F272.91;F224

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